Table 1.
Comparison of clinical variables of patients between the ELAPE and APE group
| ELAPE (n = 68) | APE (n = 46) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender [n (%)] | 0.829a | ||
| Male | 43 (63.2) | 30 (65.2) | |
| Female | 25 (36.8) | 16 (34.8) | |
| Age (yr, x ± s) | 61.3 ± 11.5 | 64.8 ± 11.1 | 0.105d |
| BMI (kg/m2, x ± s) | 24.6 ± 3.7 | 23.8 ± 3.2 | 0.669d |
| Cardiovascular disease [n (%)] | 23 (33.8) | 17 (37.0) | 0.731a |
| Diabetes mellitus [n (%)] | 10 (14.7) | 8 (17.4) | 0.700a |
| Cerebral disease [n (%)] | 3 (4.4) | 2 (4.2) | 1.000a |
| Distance from anal verge [cm, M (range)] | 3.0 (2.0–3.5) | 3.0 (2.0–4.0) | 0.315b |
| Clinical T stage [n (%)] | 0.593a | ||
| cT1 − 2 | 8 (11.8) | 7(15.2) | |
| cT3 − 4 | 60 (88.2) | 39(84.8) | |
| Clinical N stage [n (%)] | 0.946a | ||
| cN0 | 38 (55.9) | 26(44.1) | |
| cN1 − 2 | 30 (56.5) | 20(43.5) | |
| Clinical stage [n (%)] | 0.717a | ||
| II | 48 (70.6) | 31(67.4) | |
| III | 20 (29.4) | 15(32.6) | |
| Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy [n (%)] | 0.004a | ||
| Yes | 31 (45.6) | 9 (19.6) | |
| No | 37 (54.4) | 37 (80.4) | |
| Grade 3/4 adverse events [n (%)] | |||
| Total | 8 (25.8) | 2 (22.2) | 0.827a |
| Neutropenia | 3 (9.7) | 2 (22.2) | 0.668a |
| Anemia | 2 (6.5) | 0 (0) | 1.000c |
| Thrombocytopenia | 1 (3.2) | 0 (0) | 1.000c |
| Diarrhea | 2 (6.5) | 0 (0) | 1.000c |
| Postoperative chemotherapy [n (%)] | 0.280a | ||
| Yes | 48 (70.6) | 28 (60.9) | |
| No | 20 (29.4) | 18 (39.1) | |
| Approaches of operation [n (%)] | 0.012a | ||
| Laparoscopy assisted | 47 (69.1) | 41 (89.1) | |
| Open | 21 (30.9) | 5 (10.9) | |
| Total operative time [min, M (range)] | 318 (268–360) | 210 (180–275) | <0.001b |
| Blood loss [ml, M (range)] | 175 (100–200) | 100 (80–200) | 0.004b |
| Pelvic floor construction [n (%)] | <0.001a | ||
| Yes | 51 (75.0) | 2 (4.3) | |
| No | 17 (25.0) | 44 (95.7) | |
| Combined organ resection [n (%)] | 1.000 c | ||
| Yes | 2 (2.9) | 1 (2.2) | |
| No | 66 (97.1) | 45 (97.8) | |
| Duration of postoperative hospitalization [d, M(range)] | 16 (14–21) | 16 (12–26) | 0.899b |
| Postoperative drainage time [d, M(range)] | 12 (9–14) | 8 (6–12) | <0.001b |
| Postoperative complications [n (%)] | 19 (27.9) | 12 (26.1) | 0.827a |
| Abdominal wound healing problem [n (%)] | 8 (11.8) | 8 (17.4) | 0.396a |
| Intestinal obstruction [n (%)] | 7 (10.3) | 1 (2.2) | 0.098c |
| Urinary infection [n (%)] | 3 (4.4) | 4 (8.7) | 0.591a |
| Perineal hernia [n (%)] | 3 (4.4%) | 1 (2.2%) | 0.647c |
ELAPE extralevator abdominoperineal excision, APE abdominoperineal excision, BMI body mass index; aChi-square test, bMann-Whitney U test, cFisher’s exact test, dIndependent t-tests