Table 1.

Ambient concentrations of selected PAHs in PM_2.5 and their BaP-TEQs and contributions of PAHs to BaP-TEQs based on relative potencies (REPs) determined in AhR-CALUX and AZ-AhR assays

Compound	Abbreviation	PAH concentrations in PM2.5 (ng/m3)	ToxCast human HepG2-based AhR-CALUX cells			Human HepG2-AZ-AhR cells
			REPa	BaP-TEQs (ng/m3)b	Contribution of PAHs to total BaP-TEQ (%)	REPc	BaP-TEQs (ng/m3)b	Contribution of PAHs to total BaP-TEQ (%)
Benz(a)anthracene	BaA	0.07 ± 0.02	0.29	0.02 ± 0.01	0.08 ± 0.03	0.60	0.04 ± 0.01	0.63 ± 0.19
Chrysene	CHR	0.19 ± 0.04	0.34	0.07 ± 0.01	0.24 ± 0.08	1.50	0.29 ± 0.06	4.09 ± 1.21
Benzo(b)fluoranthene	BbF	0.30 ± 0.08	5.44	1.63 ± 0.42	5.83 ± 2.00	4.00	1.19 ± 0.32	16.61 ± 4.85
Benzo(k)fluoranthene	BkF	0.12 ± 0.03	213.39	25.81 ± 7.41	86.52 ± 3.87	43.20	5.23 ± 1.52	69.61 ± 6.87
Benz(e)pyrene	BeP	0.22 ± 0.06	2.02	0.44 ± 0.13	1.57 ± 0.60	NA	–	–
Benzo(a)pyrene	BaP	0.13 ± 0.03	1.00	0.13 ± 0.03	0.47 ± 0.17	1.00	0.13 ± 0.03	1.85 ± 0.59
Dibenz(a,h)anthracene	D(a,h)A	0.03 ± 0.01	49.45	1.49 ± 0.51	5.29 ± 2.16	17.20	0.52 ± 0.18	7.22 ± 2.71
Total		1.07 ± 0.25	–	29.59 ± 7.45	100	–	7.41 ± 1.57	100

Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation. NA not available

^aCalculated by dividing AC₅₀ of BaP (the reference compound) by the AC₅₀ of other PAHs

ToxCast’s AC₅₀ were provided in the Additional file 1: Table 2

^bCalculated using Eq. (1)

^cAdopted from Vondráček et al. (2017)