Table 4.
Characteristics of the study participants by quartile (Q) of dietary pattern scores
| Plant-based diet | p | Processed food diet | p | Animal diet | p | RRR diet | p | PLS diet | p | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Q4 | Q1 | Q4 | Q1 | Q4 | Q1 | Q4 | Q1 | Q4 | |||||||
| Age | 0.46 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | |||||||||||
| 18–40 years | 1024(21.1) | 266(21.9) | 253(20.9) | 230(18.9) | 301(24.8) | 177 (14.6) | 339 (27.9) | 231 (19.0) | 300 (24.7) | 212 (17.5) | 308 (25.4) | |||||
| 41–65 years | 1879(38.7) | 480(39.5) | 488(40.2) | 462(38.1) | 492 (40.6) | 449 (37.0) | 439(36.2) | 451 (37.1) | 168 (38.6) | 440 (36.3) | 475 (39.2) | |||||
| Over 65 years | 1952(40.2) | 468(38.6) | 472 (38.9) | 522 (43.0) | 420(34.6) | 588(48.4) | 435 (35.9) | 535 (44.0) | 446 (36.7) | 559(46.2) | 430 (35.4) | |||||
| Female | 2836(58.4) | 659 (57.2) | 749 (61.7) | 0.03 | 653(53.8) | 744 (61.3) | < 0.01 | 772(63.6) | 649(53.5) | < 0.01 | 709 (58.3) | 684 (56.3) | 0.23 | 699 (57.7) | 690 (56.9) | 0.06 |
| Live in cities | 1869 (38.5) | 251(20.7) | 693(57.1) | < 0.01 | 409 (33.7) | 618(50.9) | < 0.01 | 406(33.4) | 592(48.8) | < 0.01 | 252 (20.7) | 685 (56.4) | < 0.01 | 201 (16.6) | 705 (58.1) | < 0.01 |
| Educational level | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | ||||||||||||||
| Below junior school | 2271(46.8) | 685(56.4) | 419(34.5) | < 0.01 | 624(51.4) | 485(40.0) | < 0.01 | 611(50.3) | 511 (42.1) | < 0.01 | 682 (56.0) | 422 (34.8) | 705 (58.2) | 397 (32.7) | ||
| Secondary school | 2078(42.8) | 467(38.5) | 569(46.9) | 486(40.0) | 533 (43.9) | 496(40.9) | 520(42.9) | 476 (39.1) | 568 (46.8) | 463 (38.2) | 574 (47.3) | |||||
| Undergraduate and higher | 506(10.4) | 62(5.1) | 225 (18.5) | 104 (8.6) | 195 (16.1) | 107(8.8) | 182(15.0) | 59 (4.8) | 224 (18.5) | 43 (3.6) | 242 (20.0) | |||||
| Smoke | 966(19.9) | 240 (19.8) | 205 (16.9) | 0.01 | 239(19.7) | 244(20.1) | 0.99 | 206(17.0) | 278(22.9) | < 0.01 | 235 (20.8) | 232 (19.1) | 0.55 | 253 (20.9) | 233 (19.2) | 0.23 |
| Drink alcohol | 840(17.3) | 159 (13.1) | 234(19.3) | < 0.01 | 176(14.5) | 256(21.1) | < 0.01 | 171(14.1) | 253 (20.9) | < 0.01 | 177 (14.5) | 198 (22.7) | < 0.01 | 159 (13.1) | 286 (23.6) | < 0.01 |
| BMI > 23.9 | 2834 (58.4) | 493 (24.4) | 490 (24.2) | 0.35 | 510 (25.2) | 514 (25.4) | 0.36 | 528 (26.1) | 484 (23.9) | 0.30 | 558 (27.6) | 490 (24.3) | < 0.01 | 525 (26.0) | 508 (25.1) | 0.13 |
| Hypertension | 2561(52.7) | 660 (54.4) | 617(50.9) | 0.15 | 595 (51.0) | 596(50.9) | 0.07 | 673(55.4) | 612(50.5) | 0.11 | 643 (52.8) | 613 (50.5) | 0.29 | 677 (55.9) | 654 (49.5) | 0.01 |
| Diabetes | 602(12.4) | 166(13.7) | 142 (11.7) | 0.46 | 158(13.0) | 141 (11.6) | 0.479 | 151(12.4) | 152 (12.5) | 0.99 | 150 (12.3) | 151 (12.4) | 0.87 | 156 (12.9) | 143 (11.8) | 0.66 |
| TC | 4.66 ± 0.99 | 4.64 ± 1.02 | 4.69 ± 1.00 | 0.11 | 4.64 ± 0.96 | 4.68 ± 1.03 | 0.782 | 4.67 ± 0.95 | 4.63 ± 1.03 | 0.99 | 4.63 ± 1.00 | 1.69 ± 0.99 | 0.32 | 4.60 ± 0.93 | 1.68 ± 1.01 | 0.08 |
| HDL-C | 1.29 ± 0.36 | 1.29 ± 0.36 | 1.27 ± 0.34 | 0.123 | 1.31 ± 0.36 | 1.30 ± 0.35 | 0.227 | 1.30 ± 0.36 | 1.31 ± 0.35 | 0.16 | 1.32 ± 0.36 | 1.29 ± 0.35 | < 0.01 | 1.31 ± 0.36 | 1.28 ± 0.35 | 0.15 |
| LDL-C | 2.84 ± 0.91 | 2.81 ± 0.9 | 2.87 ± 0.94 | 0.27 | 2.85 ± 0.87 | 2.87 ± 0.95 | 0.786 | 2.85 ± 0.87 | 2.85 ± 0.95 | 0.99 | 2.83 ± 0.91 | 2.85 ± 0.91 | 0.79 | 2.79 ± 0.84 | 2.87 ± 0.94 | 0.06 |
| TG | 1.70 ± 1.66 | 1.73 ± 2.01 | 1.67 ± 1.14 | 0.76 | 1.66 ± 1.74 | 1.68 ± 1.61 | 0.474 | 1.69 ± 1.69 | 1.67 ± 1.65 | 0.84 | 1.65 ± 1.96 | 1.76 ± 1.66 | 0.16 | 1.67 ± 1.96 | 1.70 ± 1.66 | 0.90 |
| Dyslipidemia | 1623 (33.4) | 392 (24.2) | 424 (26.1) | 0.57 | 397 (24.5) | 386 (23.8) | 0.201 | 403 (24.8) | 385 (23.7) | 0.40 | 374 (23.0) | 427 (26.3) | 0.09 | 375 (23.1) | 424 (26.1) | 0.19 |