. 2020 Oct 14;2(4):202–210. doi: 10.1016/j.smhs.2020.10.001

Table 5.

Agents for pharmacological interventions.

Pharmacologic strategies	Recommendations
Testosterone¹⁰⁴^,¹⁰⁵	In lower doses, testosterone increases protein synthesis
Testosterone¹⁰⁴^,¹⁰⁵	Testosterone is the most effective and safest if not at high doses of 300 and 600 mg/week
Selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs)¹⁰⁷	SARMs appear to be safe and effective in increasing lean body mass
Selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs)¹⁰⁷	Clinical trials of long-term follow-ups are needed to demonstrate long-term safety and efficacy of selective SARMs
GH/IGF-1¹²⁵	Side effects such as orthostatic hypotension, gynecomastia, myositis, and edema in single small study
Ghrelin and Ghrelin receptor agonist¹¹³	Studies about ghrelin or ghrelin receptor agonists had positive effects on food intake and increased muscle mass and function.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor¹⁰⁵^,¹¹⁵	Perindopril has shown to increase physical performance and to reduce the incidence of hip fractures in the elderly

Abbreviations: GH, growth hormone; IGF-1 insulin like growth factor-1.