Table 5.
Odds ratios of being in the depression symptomatology classes (Classes D1, D2, and D4) versus being in the no depression symptomatology class (D3) depending on psychological resources (Step 1) and psychological flexibility (Step 2), controlling for sociodemographic variables.
| Predictor | Class D1 (N = 21) Increasing depression |
Class D2 (N = 110) Persistent depression |
Class D4 (N = 155) Decreasing depression |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Z-O | Step 1 | Step 2 | Z-O | Step 1 | Step 2 | Z-O | Step 1 | Step 2 | |
| Gratitude-world | 1.03 | 1.06 | 1.08 | 0.73** | 1.00 | 1.08 | 0.56*** | 0.99 | 1.09 |
| Self-transcendence | 1.21 | 1.31 | 1.24 | 0.98 | 1.34* | 1.18 | 0.73*** | 1.15 | 1.02 |
| Wisdom | 0.95 | 0.93 | 1.35 | 0.47*** | 0.50*** | 1.03 | 0.26*** | 0.40*** | 0.89 |
| Optimism | 0.70* | 0.60* | 0.61* | 0.69*** | 0.79* | 0.83 | 0.53*** | 0.75** | 0.77* |
| Self-efficacy | 0.98 | 1.19 | 1.23 | 0.73** | 1.16 | 1.22 | 0.41*** | 0.79* | 0.86 |
| Hope | 0.80 | 0.84 | 0.97 | 0.64*** | 0.93 | 1.14 | 0.39*** | 0.68** | 0.89 |
| Gratitude-being | 1.02 | 1.24 | 1.34 | 0.72*** | 0.98 | 1.14 | 0.67*** | 1.29* | 1.41** |
| Peaceful disengagement | 1.01 | 1.01 | 1.10 | 0.60*** | 0.65*** | 0.75* | 0.40*** | 0.54*** | 0.60*** |
| Psychological flexibility | 0.58* | 0.46 | 0.25*** | 0.27*** | 0.17*** | 0.33*** | |||
| Psychological inflexibility | 1.61 | 1.01 | 3.79*** | 1.31 | 7.41*** | 2.05** | |||
| Age | 0.99 | 0.98 | 0.99 | 0.98* | 0.98 | 0.99 | 0.97*** | 0.98* | 0.99 |
| Gender-female | 0.67 | 0.57 | 0.45 | 2.02 | 1.84 | 1.42 | 3.34** | 3.03* | 2.39 |
| Work-newly inactive | 1.07 | 1.09 | 1.07 | 0.91 | 0.82 | 0.85 | 0.91 | 0.73 | 0.76 |
| Work-partial teleworking | 0.38 | 0.46 | 0.42 | 0.57 | 0.59 | 0.50 | 0.94 | 1.24 | 1.09 |
| Work-working outside home | 0.00 | 0.00*** | 0.00*** | 0.56 | 0.56 | 0.62 | 1.17 | 1.13 | 1.18 |
| Work-inactive | 0.61 | 0.66 | 0.61 | 0.70 | 0.69 | 0.64 | 1.00 | 0.93 | 0.91 |
| Environment quality | 1.00 | 1.10 | 1.14 | 0.78* | 0.87 | 0.96 | 0.70*** | 0.79* | 0.87 |
| Relation quality | 1.25 | 1.29 | 1.29 | 0.61*** | 0.67** | 0.66** | 0.68*** | 0.80 | 0.75* |
| Solitude | 1.01 | 1.22 | 1.16 | 0.95 | 0.72 | 0.67 | 0.60* | 0.45** | 0.43** |
Values in Step 1 and 2 columns are the odds ratios from the multinomial regression models predicting membership of the depression classes against no depression symptomatology class as the reference group (Class D3). The Z-O column gives the variable zero-ordered effects, with other variables not included in the model.
p < 0.05, p < 0.01, p < 0.001.