Table 3.

Common 3D models used for tridimensional wound healing assays.

3D Models	Aim	Ref.
Exogenous skin wound models
Fibroblasts-populated Rat tail Collagen I + keratinocytes	Besides new tissue formation, these in vitro platforms enable us to screen molecules able to speed up the re-epithelization step	[62,65]
Fibroblasts in DED + keratinocytes		[64,66,67]
Exogenous dermal wound models
Fibroblasts-populated Rat tail Collagen I	Reproduction of the complex processes concerning ECM remodelling and cell-ECM crosstalk	[71]
Fibroblast and endothelial cells embedded in Rat tail Collagen I and fibrinogen		[69]
Endogenous dermal wound model
Fibroblasts embedded in their own ECM	Able to replicate in vitro morphogenesis, neo-synthesis, assembly, ECM turnover, and modification of ECM composition/architecture during a pathological state.	[75]
3D wound assay	Description	Ref.
Mechanical Injury	Creation of a wound through a scalpel, a biopsy punch, or a rotating drill	[66]
Laser wound	Tissue ablation in a specific area by a laser beam	[62]
Thermal injury Assay	Deep burn wounds generated through the contact with a stainless-steel rod connected to a soldering iron	[64]