Table 1.
Concentration gradients of representative hormones, growth factors, and extracellular matrix proteins in the FF, PF, and serum.
| E2, pg/mL |
PAPP-A, mIU/L |
HGF, ng/mL |
Fibronectin, ug/mL | Laminin, ng/mL |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Serum | ~170 (80–350) | 1.7 +/− 0.3 | 0.86 +/− 0.04 | 0.2~0.4 | 0.78 |
| [49] | [61] | [62] | [63] | [63] | |
| FF | 496 K +/− 144 K | 810 +/− 290 | 74 +/− 2.9 | ~70 | 500 |
| [64] | [61] | [62] | [63] | [65] | |
| PF | ~500 | 31.4 +/− 15.4 | 0.92 +/− 0.11 | 60 +/− 4.92 | 960 (24–1502) |
| After ovulation | 44,000 | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil |
| Secretory phase | ~900 (early) | 44.5 +/− 15.7 9 | Nil | Nil | Nil |
| Follicular phase | ~120 | 22.7 +/− 12.1 | Nil | Nil | Nil |
| [38,49] | [66] | [67,68] | [69,70] | [71] | |
| FF/Serum | 2900× | 500× | 86× | 130× | 86× |
| FF/PF | 990× | 36× | 80× | 1.2× | 0.52× |
FF, follicular fluid; PF, peritoneal fluid; [], reference; Nil: No data.