Table 2.

Prevalence of SMA and associated demographic characteristics.

Characteristics	Prevalence of SMA			p-Value
Gender	Prescription Antibiotics (n, %)	Non-Prescription Antibiotics (n, %)	Cannot Remember (n, %)
Male	90 (18.8%)	105 (21.9%)	72 (15%)	0.001 ***
Female	74 (15.4%)	51 (10.6%)	88 (18.3%)
Age (years)
21–25 yrs	12 (2.5%)	10 (2.1%)	22 (4.6%)	0.129
26–30 yrs	33 (6.9%)	31 (6.5%)	31 (6.5%)
31–40 yrs	64 (13.3%)	74 (15.4%)	74 (15.4%)
Above 40 yrs	41 (8.5%)	55 (11.5%)	33 (6.8%)
Marital status
Married	128 (26.7%)	130 (27.1%)	108 (22.5%)	0.003 **
Single	36 (7.5%)	26 (5.4%)	52 (10.8%)
Education
Primary school	17 (3.5%)	23 (4.8%)	16 (3.3%)	0.224
Secondary school	37 (7.7%)	48 (10%)	39 (8.1%)
Certificate/Diploma	13 (2.7%)	21 (4.4%)	22 (4.6%)
Undergraduate degree	63 (13.1%)	50 (10.4%)	57 (11.9%)
Postgraduate education	34 (7.1%)	14 (2.9%)	26 (5.5%)
Income
Under PKR 10,000	4 (0.8%)	4 (0.8%)	7 (1.5%)	0.578
PKR 10,000 to 20,000	11 (2.3%)	12 (2.5%)	15 (3.1%)
Over PKR 20,000	149 (31.1%)	140 (29.2%)	138 (28.7%)
Occupation
Professional	43 (9%)	23 (4.8%)	28 (5.8%)	0.001 **
Skilled labor	3 (0.6%)	13 (2.7%)	5 (1%)
Manual labor	3 (0.6%)	9 (1.9%)	7 (1.5%)
Administrative	23 (4.8%)	27 (5.6%)	26 (5.4%)
Self-employed	55 (11.9%)	53 (11%)	35 (7.3%)
Home duties	29 (6%)	27 (5.6%)	37 (7.7%)
Unemployed	3 (0.6%)	4 (0.8%)	16 (3.3%)
Pensioner	5 (1%)	Nil	6 (1.3%)
Children
Yes	118 (24.5%)	122 (25.4%)	93 (19.4%)	0.001 ***
No	46 (9.6%)	34 (7.1%)	67 (14%)
Insurance
Yes	7 (1.5%)	15 (3.1%)	7 (1.5%)	0.686
No	145 (30.2%)	144 (30%)	145 (30.2%)
Not sure	4 (0.8%)	5 (1%)	8 (1.7%)

Legend: *** = p < 0.001, ** = p < 0.01.