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. 2022 Jun 14;10(6):1402. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10061402

Table 1.

Biological pathways (p < 0.001) and canonical functions (p < 0.01) that represent melanocytes’ dendritic cell-like (DC-like) or macrophage-like property. Networks which are perturbed by the toxins are double tick (√√) marked. In addition, the association of the networks with DC-like and/or macrophage-like properties are noted by single tick (√) mark.

Biological or Canonical Functions Toxin Biofunction Relevant to Which Melanocyte
Character?
SEA TSST SEB DC-Like Macrophage-Like
Early
Adhesion of blood cells √√ √√
Antigen Presentation Pathway √√ √√
Cdc42 Signalling √√ √√
cell movement of leukocytes √√ √√
cell movement of phagocytes √√ √√
Chemokine Signaling √√ √√
chemotaxis of phagocytes √√
Complement System √√
Crosstalk between Dendritic Cells and Natural Killer Cells √√
Dendritic Cell Maturation √√
Differential Regulation of Cytokine Production in Macrophages and T Helper Cells by IL-17A and IL-17F √√
ERK5 Signalling √√
HMGB1 Signalling √√
IL-17 Signalling √√
IL-17A Signalling in Fibroblasts √√
IL-8 Signalling √√
Immune response of cells √√
Immune response of leukocytes √√
Immune response of phagocytes √√
Inflammatory response √√
MAPKKK cascade √√
Migration of phagocytes √√
Oxidative Phosphorylation √√
PDGF Signalling √√
Proliferation of immune cells √√
synthesis of prostaglandin √√
synthesis of prostaglandin E2 √√
T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder √√
Late
Activation of blood cells √√ √√
Adhesion of blood cells √√ √√
Aggregation of blood cells √√
Antigen Presentation Pathway √√
Autophagy of cells √√
Cell movement of connective tissue cells √√
Cell movement of leukocytes √√
Chemokine Signalling √√
Chemotaxis of neutrophils √√
Chemotaxis of phagocytes √√
Complement System √√
Crosstalk between Dendritic Cells and Natural Killer Cells √√
Dendritic Cell Maturation √√
Differentiation of hematopoietic progenitor cells √√
eNOS Signalling √√
IL-17 Signalling √√
Immune response of cells √√
Immune response of leukocytes √√
Metabolism of eicosanoid √√
Metabolism of prostaglandin √√
Migration of antigen presenting cells √√
Migration of phagocytes √√
Phagosome Maturation √√
PI3K/AKT Signalling √√
Signalling by Rho Family GTPases √√
Superoxide Radicals Degradation √√
Synthesis of prostaglandin √√
Transmigration of phagocytes √√