Figure 2.

Schematic presentation of HBM components (A) and factors affecting its production and composition (B). Generally, HBM has four main components, water, carbohydrates, fats and protein. In addition, HBM contains a variety of nutrients, vitamins, minerals, prebiotics, probiotics, hormones, immune cells and substances, nucleotides and nucleic acids and other rare elements. This unique mixture of beneficial components varies due to many factors, mainly related to the mother’s body and health conditions, as well as gestation period [82,83,84,85,86]. Created with BioRender.com, accessed on 22 April 2022.