Table 2.
Antimicrobial activity of antidepressants and antipsychotic drugs.
| Drug | Drug in Combination | Kind of Study | Bacterial Inhibition | Strains Tested | Refs. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sertraline | In vitro | Diameter of inhibitory zones up to 26 mm 4–20 μg/mL | S. aureus ATCC 6538, E. coli ATCC 8739, P. aeruginosa ATCC 9027 A. niger, A. fumigatus, A. flavus, F. solani C. auris 70, H. pylori | [44,47,48] | |
| Fluoxetine | In vitro | Diameter of inhibitory zones 12–34 mm | S. aureus ATCC 25923, E. coli ATCC 25922, C. albicans ATCC 10231 | [45] | |
| Fluoxetine | Fluconazole | In vitro | 0.78125 μg/mL | S. aureus ATCC 25923, E. coli ATCC 25922, C. albicans ATCC 10231 | [45] |
| Fluoxetine | In vitro | 102–256 μg/mL | E. coli ATCC 25922, S. aureus ATCC 6538, P. aeruginosa ATCC 25923 and multi-resistant strains E. coli 06, S. aureus 10, P. aeruginosa 24 | [46] | |
| Fluoxetine | In vitro | 32–512 μg/mL | E. coli (ATCC 35218, ATCC 25922), K. pneumoniae ATCC 700603, P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, S. aureus (ATCC 25923, ATCC 29213), E. faecalis (ATCC 29212, ATCC 51288), S. epidermidis ATCC 12228, M. luteus ATCC 7468 and B. cereus ATCC 14579, 5 MDR clinical isolates | [49] | |
| Paroxetine | In vitro | 32–512 μg/mL | E. coli (ATCC 35218, ATCC 25922), K. pneumoniae ATCC 700603, P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, S. aureus (ATCC 25923, ATCC 29213), E. faecalis (ATCC 29212, ATCC 51288), S. epidermidis ATCC 12228, M. luteus ATCC 7468 and B. cereus ATCC 14579, 5 MDR clinical isolates | [49] | |
| Amitriptyline | In vitro | 32–512 μg/mL | 11 ATCC standard strains, 15 clinical isolates of KPC, 25 of SCoN | [50] | |
| Amitriptyline | Ciprofloxacin | In vitro | 64–256 μg/mL | 11 ATCC standard strains, 15 clinical isolates of KPC, 25 of SCoN | [50] |
| Amitriptyline | Sulfametoxazole + trimethoprim | In vitro | 64–512 μg/mL | 11 ATCC standard strains, 15 clinical isolates of KPC, 25 of SCoN | [50] |
| Thioridazine | In vitro | 1–16 μg/mL | 3 ATCC rapidly growing mycobacteria (M. abscessus CIP 104536, M. fortuitum ATCC 6841, M. peregrinum ATCC 700686, M. avium (ATCC 70089816, B1610670, 74B16107, 2282B161, 0557732, B1701907), M. chimaera (DSM 4462316, B160155388, B160184894, B17072535), M. intracellulare (DSM 432234, B161255242, B1611688316, B16029695), M. simiae ATCC 252211, M. xenopi ATCC 192504 | [54] | |
| Thioridazine-irradiated solution | In vitro | 0.25–50 μg/mL | S. aureus (ATCC 25923, ATCC 25923_EtBr), S. epidermidis (ATCC 12228, ATCC 12228_EtBr, SM1) E. faecalis ATCC 29212, E. coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis NCTC 13349, Klebsiella aerogenes ATCC 15038 | [58] | |
| Chlorpromazine-irradiated solution | In vitro | 6.25–100 μg/mL | S. aureus ATCC 6538, MRSA1, MRSA2, E. faecalis ATCC 29212, P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, P. aeruginosa clinic1, P. aeruginosa clinic2, E. coli ATCC 8739, C. parapsilosis ATCC 22019 | [55] |