Table 3.
Cardiovascular and obstetric events among women with and without single ventricle cardiac defects admitted to a US hospital with a pregnancy diagnosis, 1998 – 2012
| Event | Single ventricle patients (n = 282) | Controls (n = 1405) | p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | % | N | % | ||
| In-hospital mortality | - | - | - | - | - |
| Composite cardiovascular outcome* | 70 | 24.8 | † | <0.0001 | |
| Cardiovascular events | |||||
| Myocardial infarction/ischemia | - | - | - | - | - |
| Cardiac arrest/ventricular fibrillation | † | - | - | - | |
| Arrhythmia‡ | 50 | 17.7 | † | <0.0001 | |
| Heart failure | † | - | - | - | |
| Pulmonary events | |||||
| Pneumonia | † § | † | 0.0213 | ||
| Pulmonary edema | - | - | † | - | |
| Acute respiratory distress syndrome | † | - | - | - | |
| Thromboembolic events | |||||
| Pulmonary embolism | - | - | † | - | |
| Deep vein thrombosis | - | - | - | - | - |
| Stroke-cerebrovascular accident | † | - | - | - | |
| Infections | |||||
| Sepsis | - | - | - | - | - |
| Renal event | |||||
| Acute renal failure | † | † | 0.2160 | ||
| Composite obstetric events¶ | 146 | 51.8 | 347 | 24.7 | <0.0001 |
| Obstetric events | |||||
| Gestational diabetes | † § | 54 | 3.8 | 0.0185 | |
| Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy | † | 108 | 7.7 | 0.5649 | |
| Preterm labor | 51 | 18.1 | 120 | 8.5 | 0.0230 |
| Placental abruption | † | † | 0.6820 | ||
| Fetal growth restriction | † § | † | <0.0001 | ||
| Stillbirth/Intrauterine fetal death | † | † | 0.0983 | ||
| Placenta previa | - | - | - | - | - |
| Postpartum Hemorrhage | † | † | 0.6728 | ||
| Chorioamnionitis | † | † | 0.6925 | ||
Italicized values indicate a statistically significant results.
Indicates no reported events.
Composite cardiovascular outcome includes myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest, arrhythmias, heart failure or stroke-cerebrovascular accident.
Indicates unweighted values > 0 but <10, which cannot be reported in accordance with data use agreement from the National Inpatient Sample.
Indicates composite of atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation, and paroxysmal atrial tachycardia.
Indicates rate in single ventricle patients significantly higher than control rate.
Composite obstetric events includes gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, eclampsia, gestational hypertension, preterm labor, placental abruption, fetal growth restriction, intrauterine fetal death, placenta previa, postpartum hemorrhage, or chorioamnionitis.