(A) P. aeruginosa catalase structure through PyMOL simulation. PDB 4E37. (B) Raman spectra of a bovine liver catalase film dried on a cover slide before (untreated) and after 410 nm light exposure. The Raman peak at 754 cm–1 is highlighted by an arrow. 410 nm: 50 mW/cm2, 10 minutes. SDs at each Raman shift are shaded. (C–E) Remaining catalase percentage of bovine liver catalase (C, 2.5 U/mL), stationary-phase MRSA USA300 (D), and stationary-phase P. aeruginosa PAO1 (E) under blue light exposure at different wavelengths. (F–H) Comparison of CW and ns-410 nm exposure on inhibiting bovine liver catalase (F, 4 U/mL), catalase from stationary-phase MRSA USA300 (G) and stationary-phase P. aeruginosa PAO1 (H). (I) Raman spectra of bovine liver catalase film dried on a cover slide under CW-410 and ns-410 exposure. Light: 50 mW/cm2, 5 minutes. Data: Mean + SD from 3 replicates for panels B–H. Statistical analysis was obtained through Student’s unpaired 2-tailed t test. ***P < 0.001.