Table 1.

DNA nanotechnology for plasmonic biosensor construction.

Detection Method	Oligonucleotide Component	Plasmonic Component	Target	LOD	Reference
SPR 1	Aptamer	AuNPs	Oxytetracycline	0.50 ng/mL	[66]
		Graphene coated Au chip	Kanamycin	285 nmol/L	[67]
		niobium carbide MXene quantum dots coated Au chip	N-gene of SARS-CoV-2	4.9 pg/mL	[68]
		Ag nanosols	Arsenic (As3+)	0.01 μg/L	[69]
LSPR 2	Aptamer	AuNPs	Ochratoxin A, triphosphate, 17β-estradiol and oxytetracycline hydrochloride	10−10.5 g/mL	[71]
	DNA 3 Way Junction	Hollow Au nanospike	Avian influenza	1 pM	[89]
SERS 3	Aptamer	Au nanosols	Glyphosate	0.002 nmol/L	[74]
		Ag nanosols	Urea	0.03 nM	[76]
		Au nanostars	Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM)	100 nM to 500 nM.	[77]
		Au–Ag bimetallic nanotrepangs	PSMA, Her2 and AFP proteins expressing exosomes derived from LNCaP, SKBR3 and HepG2 cell lines	6 particles/μL, 72 particles/μL and 35 particles/μL, respectively	[78]
		AuNPs	Tau protein and Aβ(1–42)	3.7 × 10−2 nM	[79]
	DNA origami	AuNPs	N/A	N/A	[90]
			N/A	N/A	[91]
		AuNPs and AgNPs	N/A	N/A	[92]
MEF 4	Aptamer	AuNPs	Caspase-3	10 pg/mL	[81]
			ATP	200 pM	[82]
		Au nanobipyramids	ATP	35 nM	[83]
		AgNPs aggregates	Hepatitis B virus DNA	50 fM	[84]

¹ Surface Plasmon Resonance. ² Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance. ³ Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering. ⁴ Metal-Enhanced Fluorecence.