TABLE 1.
SLC2 and SLC5 family carbohydrate transporters regulated by miRNAs and the impact.
| Transporters | Carbohydrate substrates | miRNAs | Diseases and/or model systems | Major findings | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SLC2A1/GLUT1 | D-glucose D-glucosamine | miR-1291-5p | Renal cell carcinoma cell lines A498 and 786-O and 27 pairs of clear cell renal cell carcinoma and noncancerous clinical specimens | Transfection with miR-1291 reduced SLC2A1 protein by about 30% inverse correlation between SLC2A1 and miR-1291 in clinical specimens | Yamasaki et al. (2013) |
| miR-22-3p | Breast cancer MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cell lines 122 clinical breast cancer samples | Luciferase reporter assay with transfection of miR-22 and SLC2A1 3′UTR vector resulted in about 40% decrease of luciferase activity | Chen B. et al. (2015) | ||
| miR-150-5p | Human peripheral blood samples Jurkat cell line | CD4+ T cells Overexpression of miR-150 decreased SLC2A1 mRNA and protein by about 50% | King et al. (2016) | ||
| miR-132-3p | Prostate cancer cell lines PC-3, DU-145, and kidney cell line HEK293T GSE36802 prostate cancer dataset | miR-132 mimic transfection reduced SLC2A1 mRNA level by 50%–70%, while miR-132 inhibition increased SLC2A1 mRNA by about 3-fold | Qu et al. (2016) | ||
| miR-218-5p | Bladder cancer cell lines T24 and EJ | miR-218 mimic transfection reduces SLC2A1 protein by 40%–50% SLC2A1 knockdown sensitizes cells to cisplatin | Li et al. (2017) | ||
| miR-148b-3p | Clinical gastric cancer specimens and gastric cell lines BGC-823 and MKN45 | Transfection with miR-148b significantly lowered SLC2A1 protein 72 h after transfection but not 48 h after transfection | Ding et al. (2017) | ||
| miR-328-3p | Colon cancer cell lines, LOVO and SW480, 47 paired clinical colon cancer and normal tissue samples | Treatment with pre-miR-328 reduced SLC2A1 protein levels by about 20% in LOVO cells and about 60% in SW480 cells | Santasusagna et al. (2018) | ||
| miR-140-5p | Breast cancer cell lines MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, T47D, BT549, SKBR3, MCF10A, and kidney cell line HEK293T TCGA datasets Female NOD-SCID mice | miR-140-5p overexpression reduces SLC2A1 mRNA by about 60% | He et al. (2019) | ||
| miR-378a-3p | Prostate cancer cell lines 22Rv1, LNCaP, PC3, DU145 RWPE-1 and BPH-1 cell lines TCGA and MSKCC prostate cancer databases | Transfection of miR-378a downregulates SLC2A1 protein in both LNCaP and PC3 cells | Cannistraci et al. (2022) | ||
| miR-378c-5p | Lung adenocarcinoma cell lines A549, NCI-H1975, Calu-3, and normal lung epithelial cell line BEAS-2B | Transfection with miR-378c mimic reduced SLC2A1 mRNA by about 75% and protein by about 50%. PVT1 sponges miR-378c to prevent binding to SLC2A1 | Xia et al. (2021) | ||
| SLC2A3/GLUT3 | D-glucose | miR-129-5p | Gastric cancer cell lines SGC-7901, MGC-803, and kidney cell line HEK 293T | Transfection with miR-129-5p mimics reduced SLC2A3 protein by 70%–90% | Chen et al. (2018) |
| miR-29c-3p | Prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP, 22RV1, DU145, PC-3 and WPMY-1 GSE21036 database, 18 normal prostate samples, and 57 prostate cancer samples | Transfection with miR-29c mimics decreased SLC2A3 mRNA by about 50% | Li J. et al. (2018) | ||
| miR-106a-5p | Glioblastoma cell lines U251 and LN229 3 normal brain samples, 6 grade II glioma samples, 6 grade III glioma samples, and 7 grade IV glioma samples | Luciferase reporter assay with transfection of miR-106a and SLC2A3 3′UTR vector resulted in about 50% decrease of luciferase activity | Dai et al. (2013) | ||
| miR-195-5p | Bladder cancer cell lines T24 and HUC | Luciferase reporter assay with transfection of miR-195-5p and SLC2A3 3′UTR vector resulted in 57% decrease of luciferase activity | Fei et al. (2012) | ||
| miR-184-3p | Clear cell renal cell carcinoma cell lines 769-P, Caki-1, 786-O, and normal kidney HK-2 cells Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, GSE53757, and GSE53757 datasets Clear cell renal cell carcinoma clinical samples Xenograft mouse model | Negative correlation between miR-184 and SLC2A3 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma Long non-coding RNA LINC01094 sponges miR-184 to prevent binding to SLC2A3, with direct interactions confirmed by the dual-luciferase reporter assay | Xu et al. (2020) | ||
| SLC2A4/GLUT4 | D-glucose D-glucosamine | miR-199a-5p | Type 2 diabetes 192 Han Chinese individuals HEK293T cells and Rat L6 muscle cells | Transfection with miR-199a mimic significantly downregulated SLC2A4 protein, while miR-199a inhibitor increased protein | Yan et al. (2014) |
| miR-223-5p | Insulin-resistant adipose tissue 33 clinical samples | miR-223 overexpression does not downregulate SLC2A4 mRNA but does downregulate protein by about 30% | Chuang et al. (2015) | ||
| miR-106b-5p | Insulin resistance male Wistar rats, L6 skeletal muscle cells | About 70% reduction in SLC2A4 protein level with miR-106b mimic transfection | Zhou et al. (2016) | ||
| miR-17-5p | Insulin-resistant skeletal muscle L6 cell line, Wistar rats | Negative correlation of miR-17 and SLC2A4 | Xiao et al. (2018) | ||
| SLC5A3 | Na+ Myo-inositol | miR-204-5p | Parkinson’s disease Neuroblastoma cell lines SK-N-SH and SK-N-AS | Transfection with miR-204-5p reduced SLC5A3 by about 70%. Long non-coding RNA NORAD sponges miR-204-5p to prevent binding to SLC5A3 | Zhou et al. (2020) |