Table 1.
Summary of demographics and clinical characteristics of patients with HRS.
| Characteristics | Total (n = 149) |
|---|---|
| Age (year), mean ± SD | 55.01 ± 12.71 |
| Sex (male/female) | 109/40 |
| Causes of cirrhosis | |
| Viral hepatitis | 65 (43.62%) |
| Alcoholic | 48 (32.22%) |
| Others | 36 (24.16%) |
| Mean arterial pressure (mmHg), median (MIN, MAX) | 83 (52–121) |
| Albumin (g/L), mean ± SD | 25.94 ± 4.75 |
| Serum total bilirubin (μmol/L), median (MIN, MAX) | 140.0 (9.5–815.0) |
| Serum sodium (mmol/L), median (MIN, MAX) | 133.0 (110.7–150.1) |
| Prothrombin activity (%), mean ± SD | 38.95 ± 18.68 |
| Serum NH3 (μmol/L), median (MIN, MAX) | 79 (16–483) |
| Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis | 17 (11.40%) |
| Hemoglobin (g/L), median (MIN, MAX) | 83 (50–145) |
| Clinical pattern of HRS (HRS-AKI/CKD) | 128/21 |
| Gastrointestinal bleeding | 43 (28.86%) |
| Child–Pugh score (B class/C class) | 20/129 |
| MELD–Na score, median (MIN, MAX) | 28 (11–51) |
| Baseline serum creatinine (μmol/L), median (MIN, MAX) | 90.5 (34.5–354.2) |
| Peak serum creatinine (μmol/L), median (MIN, MAX) | 211.5 (136.2–680.6) |
| Treatment strategy | |
| Terlipressin in combination with albumin | 55 (36.91%) |
| Norepinephrine in combination with albumin | 27 (18.12%) |
| Midodrine plus octreotide in combination with albumin | 28 (18.79%) |
| Renal replacement therapy | 26 (17.45%) |
| Liver transplantation | 13 (8.72%) |
Abbreviations: minimum number: MIN; maximum number: MAX.