Figure 3.

Nanovesicles from Lactobacillus johnsonii stimulates insulin secretion in human islets. (A, B) Glucose Stimulated Insulin Secretion (GSIS) was performed in human islets in absence (A) or presence (B) of NV10 with increasing concentrations of glucose (0.5, 3, 10 or 15 mM), and insulin secretion was determined in the supernatant after 1, 2 and 3 h. Insulin levels were determined by ELISA and normalized to the respective islets’ DNA concentration. (C–J) mRNA levels of genes involved in glucose uptake and insulin secretion pathways were evaluated in presence or absence of NVs. Human islets were incubated with NVs from L. johnsonii for 5 h and mRNA levels were analyzed via qRT-PCR. Expression levels of SLC2A6, SREBF1, GLP1R, PRKACA, CAMK2G, MTA2, STC2, and SOD1, were normalized to GAPDH. CTRL denotes the vehicle control group; NV10 denotes nanovesicles from L. johnsonii at 10¹⁰ particles/ml. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. Data is shown as mean ± SD of at least three biological triplicates and technical duplicates.