Table 3.
Association between red flags and emergent intracranial lesions.
| Common Red-Flags (n, col %) | Total (n = 109) |
Emergent Intracranial Lesion | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Negative Lesions (n = 58) | Positive Lesion (n = 51) |
p-Value | ||
| Acute onset (<3 months) | 72 (66.1) | 30 (51.7) | 42 (82.4) | <0.01 |
| Severe vomiting | 65 (59.6) | 31 (53.5) | 34 (66.7) | 0.16 |
| High-risk underlying comorbidities | 26 (23.8) | 11 (19.0) | 15 (29.4) | 0.20 |
| Fever | 21 (19.3) | 8 (13.8) | 13 (25.5) | 0.12 |
| Focal motor abnormality | 20 (18.4) | 3 (5.2) | 17 (33.3) | <0.01 |
| Changes in mood or personality over days or weeks | 20 (18.4) | 5 (8.6) | 15 (29.4) | <0.01 |
| Altered conscious state | 19 (17.4) | 4 (6.9) | 15 (29.4) | <0.01 |
| Seizures | 16 (14.7) | 5 (8.6) | 11 (21.6) | 0.06 |
| Abnormal ocular movements, squint, pathological pupillary responses | 16 (14.7) | 2 (3.5) | 14 (27.5) | <0.01 |
| Increase in severity or characteristics of the headache | 14 (12.8) | 5 (8.6) | 9 (17.7) | 0.16 |
| Pain that wakes the child from sleep or occurs on waking | 13 (11.9) | 8 (13.8) | 5 (9.8) | 0.52 |
| Ataxia, gait abnormalities, impaired coordination | 13 (11.9) | 1 (1.7) | 12 (23.4) | <0.01 |
| Meningism | 12 (11.0) | 3 (3.5) | 10 (19.6) | <0.01 |
| Occipital headache | 11 (10.1) | 8 (13.8) | 3 (5.9) | 0.17 |