Table 2.
Patients’ comorbidity, signs, and symptoms at presentation. Data are shown as median (interquartile range 25–75%), or number (percentage). Fisher exact tests were used (α < 0.05). COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CKD: chronic kidney disease; Data are shown as a number (percentage), or median and interquartile range (IQR) 25–75%. PaO2/FiO2: arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2) to fractional inspired oxygen (FiO2) ratio. D(A-a)O2: alveolar–arteriolar oxygen gradient.
| Overall (n = 53) | Severe (n = 10) | Non Severe (n = 43) | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age in years (IQR 25–75) | 63 (49–75) | 66.5 (62.8–73.8) | 60 (47.5–74) | 0.294 |
| Male Sex | 30 (56.6%) | 9 (90%) | 21 (49%) | 0.031 |
| Caucasian | 51 (96.2%) | 9 (90%) | 42 (97.7%) | 0.254 |
| Comorbidity | ||||
| Hypertension | 35 (66%) | 7 (70%) | 28 (65.1%) | 0.719 |
| Cardiovascular Disease | 12 (22.6%) | 4 (40%) | 8 (18.6%) | 0.677 |
| COPD | 11 (20.8%) | 5 (50%) | 6 (14%) | 0.023 |
| CKD | 8 (15.1%) | 3 (20%) | 5 (14%) | 0.163 |
| Malignancy | 3 (5.7%) | 2 (20%) | 1 (2.3%) | 0.088 |
| Diabetes Mellitus (type II) | 6 (11.3%) | 1 (10%) | 5 (11.6%) | 1 |
| Signs and Symptom | ||||
| Fever | 43 (82.1%) | 8 (80%) | 35 (81.4%) | 1 |
| Dyspnea | 26 (49.1%) | 9 (90%) | 17 (39.5%) | 0.005 |
| Anosmia | 7 (13.2%) | 2 (20%) | 5 (11.6%) | 0.604 |
| Dysgeusia | 6 (11.3%) | 2 (20%) | 4 (9.3%) | 0.315 |
| Cough | 26 (49.1%) | 6 (60%) | 20 (46.5%) | 0.501 |
| Diarrhea | 4 (7.5%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (9.3%) | 1 |
| Arterial Blood Gas analysis, median (IQR) | ||||
| PaO2/FiO2 (mmHg) | 379.5 (303.1–426.8) | 246 (104.7–376.7) | 390.5 (321.6–432.1) | 0.157 |
| D(A-a)O2 (mmHg) | 33.6 (15.5–54.1) | 97.9 (49.9–241.7) | 28.6 (12.3–40.2) | <0.001 |
| Outcome | ||||
| Death n (%) | 3 (5.7%) | 3 (30%) | 0 (0%) | 0.0051 |