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. 2022 Jun 8;19(12):7001. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19127001

Table 1.

Summary of characteristics of student-athletes and non-athletes. * p < 0.1.

Variables Student-Athletes (n = 23) Non-Athletes (n = 25) p-Value
Saliva Cortisol Before 5.46 ± 6.54 5.71 ± 6.26 0.92
Saliva Cortisol After 5.80 ± 7.38 3.19 ± 5.16 * 0.02
p-Value (Before and After) 0.80 * 0.002 -
MASQ Wed 61.30 ± 12.58 64.04 ± 10.90 0.39
MASQ Sat 56.33 ± 8.70 62.00 ± 10.19 * 0.04
p-Value (Wed and Sat) * 0.02 0.16 -
K10 Score Wed 8.73 ± 4.69 10.64 ± 7.37 0.38
K10 Score Sat 8.73 ± 4.85 9.72 ± 7.35 1
p-Value (Wed and Sat) 0.72 0.12 -
Knowledge Score Wed 9.50 ± 2.94 7.96 ± 4.02 0.34
Knowledge Score Sat 9.93 ± 2.49 9.67 ± 2.54 0.62
p-Value (Wed and Sat) 0.28 * 0.03 -
AHEI 38.40 ± 7.05 37.82 ± 8.24 0.62
Calories per BMR 1.28 ± 0.41 1.04 ± 0.34 * 0.049
BMI 24.79 ± 3.92 24.55 ± 4.01 0.84
Female 16 (69.6%) 14 (56%) 0.82
Age 21.09 ± 2.83 23.4 ± 3.14 * 8.7 × 10−5
Simple Carbs 545.68 ± 227.52 384.59 ± 143.23 * 0.03
Complex Carbs 158.95 ± 134.121 144.77 ± 104.72 0.79
Proteins 267.11 ± 124.18 233.56 ± 116.57 0.38
Fat 247.98 ± 88.24 174.22 ± 73.88 * 0.004
Refined Grains 8.70 ± 6.72 6.90 ± 3.86 0.55
Whole Grains 1.60 ± 1.14 3.64 ± 3.96 0.41
Fruits 3.90 ± 3.68 2.61 ± 2.73 0.33
Vegetables 1.90 ± 1.78 3.82 ± 2.05 * 0.08
Dairy 4.00 ± 2.03 5.03 ± 5.26 0.91
Lean Meat 4.60 ± 3.80 4.53 ± 4.22 1
Eggs 1.20 ± 2.17 2.11 ± 3.05 0.48
Nuts 0.80 ± 1.30 0.83 ± 1.49 1
Alcohol 1.50 ± 3.35 1.58 ± 4.70 1
Caffeine 1.80 ± 1.92 1.47 ± 2.01 0.59
Beans 0 ± 0 0.56 ± 1.30 0.16