Table 1.
Baseline patients’ characteristics.
| Characteristics | Number of Patients (%) or Median (IQR) |
|---|---|
| Median age, years | 53 (35–66) |
| Male sex | 91 (63.19%) |
| Female sex | 53 (36.81%) |
| Immunocompromised | 16 (11.11%) |
| Indication for neurosurgical procedure | |
| Hemorrhage | 54 (37.50%) |
| Subarachnoid | 29 (20.14%) |
| Intraventricular | 10 (6.94%) |
| Intracerebral | 15 (10.42%) |
| Hydrocephalus | 42 (29.17%) |
| Trauma | 26 (18.06%) |
| Brain tumor | 72 (50.00%) |
| Other | 15 (10.42%) |
| Presence of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt or external ventricular (EVD) before infection | 24 (16.67%) |
| Clinical presentation | |
| Time from neurosurgery, days | 7 (3–14) |
| Fever | 100 (69.44%) |
| Glasgow coma score ≤ 14 | 63 (43.73%) |
| Glasgow coma score ≤ 8 | 28 (19.44%) |
| Headache | 73 (50.69%) |
| Changes in mental status | 83 (57.64%) |
| Nausea/vomiting | 48 (33.33%) |
| Focal neurological deficit | 74 (51.39%) |
| Neck stiffness | 51 (35.42%) |
| Seizures | 20 (13.89%) |
| Photophobia | 15 (10.42%) |
| Cerebrospinal fluid leak | 27 (18.75%) |