Expression of the ldh genes and production of lactic acid in L. helveticus CNRZ32 as a function of growth. Symbols: ●, cell density; ▵, l-LDH activity; ◊, d-LDH activity; ■, l-(+)-lactic acid; □, d-(−)-lactic acid; ▴, relative ldhL mRNA intensities with an ldhL gene probe; ⧫, relative ldhD mRNA intensities with an ldhD gene probe.