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The expression levels of cytokines, induced by the treatment with L. fermentum KGC1601 in RAW 264.7 cells. Cytokines were quantified using ELISA. The four cytokines used for the experiment were TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10. Cells were pre-treated with L. fermentum KGC1601-cultured media and isolated EPS. EPS inhibited the LPS-induced inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 cells. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.0001 versus the LPS-treated group.
