Table 2.

Participants’ job stress and sleep disturbance (N = 133).

Characteristics	Categories	Total	Turnover Intention
		Mean ± SD	No (n = 116)	Yes (n = 17)	t	p
Job stress	Overall	40.11 ± 9.07	38.98 ± 8.65	47.55 ± 8.45	−3.89	<0.001
	Job demand	62.25 ± 14.28	61.23 ± 13.83	69.12 ± 15.80	−2.15	0.033
	Insufficient job control	49.37 ± 12.64	48.84 ± 12.14	52.94 ± 15.57	−1.25	0.213
	Interpersonal conflict	27.40 ± 14.12	26.34 ± 13.63	34.64 ± 15.66	−2.30	0.023
	Job insecurity	24.69 ± 19.20	23.71 ± 18.41	31.37 ± 23.48	−1.55	0.125
	Organizational system	36.74 ± 11.09	36.23 ± 10.93	40.20 ± 11.87	−1.38	0.170
	Lack of reward	45.79 ± 14.92	43.19 ± 13.31	63.40 ± 13.47	−5.84	<0.001
	Occupational climate	34.15 ± 16.05	33.12 ± 15.79	41.18 ± 16.53	−1.95	0.053
Sleep disturbance	Overall	42.39 ± 15.27	40.16 ± 13.75	57.59 ± 16.83	−4.74	<0.001
	Difficulty getting to sleep	2.43 ± 2.05	2.20 ± 1.92	4.00 ± 2.26	−3.54	0.001
	Waking up during sleep	4.57 ± 3.50	4.13 ± 3.26	7.59 ± 3.69	−4.02	<0.001
	Quality of sleep	13.47 ± 4.51	13.12 ± 4.55	15.82 ± 3.43	−2.35	0.020
	Quantity of sleep	4.48 ± 1.89	4.40 ± 1.86	5.06 ± 2.01	−1.35	0.178
	Fatigue and alertness at work	16.90 ± 7.69	15.89 ± 6.78	23.76 ± 10.04	−3.13	0.006
	Use of substances to help induce sleep	0.54 ± 1.30	0.42 ± 1.07	1.37 ± 2.23	−1.71	0.105