Table 2.
The changes in various physiological factors detected in animals and humans during ag-ing and under CR. ↓ decrease; ↑ increase; − without change; IGF1—insulin-like growth factor 1; GH—growth hormone; T3—triiodothyronine; T4—thyroxine; TSH—thyroid-stimulating hormone; DHEAS—dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate.
| Physiological Factor | Detected during Aging in Animals and Humans | Detected during CR in Animals and Humans | Detected in Centenarians |
|---|---|---|---|
| Insulin sensitivity | ↓ | ↑ | ↑ |
| Circulation insulin | ↑ | ↓ | ↓ |
| Fasting blood glucose | ↑ | ↓ | ↓ |
| Serum IGF1 | ↓ | ↓ − | − |
| Serum GH | ↓ | − | |
| Serum glucocorticoids | ↑ | ↑ | |
| T3 | ↓ | ↓ | |
| T4 | − | − | ↓ |
| TSH | ↑ | − | ↑ |
| DHEAS | ↓ | ↑ − | − |
| Inflammation | ↑ | ↓ | ↑↓ |
| Gut microbiota diversity | ↓ | ↑ | ↑ |