Figure 1.

Long-term exposure to PM₁₀ enhanced the severity of behavioral deficits in MPTP-treated mice. (A) Experimental schematic describing long-term exposure to PM₁₀ (5 mg/kg) for 8 weeks and the MPTP-induced mouse model of Parkinson’s disease used to assess motor impairments in mice. (B–D) Motor impairment was assessed by the pole test (B,C) and rotarod test (D) 1 week post-MPTP challenge. The data are expressed as the mean ± SEM (n = 5 per group). * p < 0.05. ns indicates no significant differences among the groups.