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. 2022 Jun 13;23(12):6586. doi: 10.3390/ijms23126586

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Serum levels of bone turnover and inflammation biomarkers. (A) Osteocalcin. (B) C-telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-1). (C) Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Abbreviations: control rats (Control); 12-week TASK rats (TASK); TASK rats that rested for 6 weeks after task cessation (TASK-R); control rats that received manual therapy for 12 weeks (Control+MT); TASK rats that simultaneously received manual therapy for 12 weeks (TASK+MT); TASK rats that rested for 6 weeks after task cessation while receiving manual therapy treatment of their upper limbs three times per week (TASK-MTR). Mean ± 95% confidence intervals (CIs) shown. ##: p < 0.01, compared to the TASK group; * and **: p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively, compared between groups as shown.