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. 2022 Jun 8;23(12):6417. doi: 10.3390/ijms23126417

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Functional diagram of BxSCD3. BxSCD3 was identified as an effector by agrobacterium-mediated transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana, which suppressed PAMPs PsXEG1- and INF1-triggered cell death. BxSCD3 contributes to the virulence, does not affect reproduction of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in the process of interaction between B. xylophilus and pines, and significantly suppresses the relative expression levels of defense-related (PR) genes PtPR-3 and PtPR-6 in Pinus thunbergii, which accelerates the infection progress of B. xylophilus.