Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies.
| Author(s) (Year) | Title | Country | Aims | Type of Population |
No. PP |
Diagnostic Instruments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dunne et al. (2012) [29] | A Randomized Controlled Trial of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for the Treatment of PTSD in the Context of Chronic Whiplash. | Australia | Assess if trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy reduces PTSD diagnosis, symptoms, and physiological reactivity to trauma cues. | Chronic whiplash-associated disorders | 26 | Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV |
| Fecteau and Nicki (1999) [30] | Cognitive-Behavioural Treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder after Motor Vehicle Accident. | Canada | Evaluate the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy for PTSD following motor vehicle accident trauma. | Motor vehicle accident survivors |
20 | Clinically administrated PTSD scale-2 for DSM-IV |
| Jak et al. (2019) [27] | SMART-CPT for Veterans with Comorbid Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and History of Traumatic Brain Injury: A Randomised Controlled Trial. | USA | Compare a novel treatment, symptom management, and rehabilitation therapy—cognitive processing therapy to cognitive processing therapy to evaluate its efficacy in PTSD symptoms and cognitive function improvements. |
Veterans with traumatic brain injury | 100 | Clinically administrated PTSD scale-2 DSM-IV |
| Popiel et al. (2015) [26] | Prolonged Exposure, Paroxetine and the Combination in the Treatment of PTSD Following a Motor Vehicle Accident. A Randomized Clinical trial—The “TRAKT” study. | Poland | Compared the efficacy of prolonged exposure and medication when used as a monotherapy in treating PTSD. | Motor vehicle accident survivors |
228 | Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV |
| Ehlers et al. (2003) [28] | A Randomized Controlled Trial of Cognitive Therapy, a Self-Help Booklet, and Repeated Assessments AS Early Interventions for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. | UK | Determine whether cognitive therapy or a self-help booklet is more effective in preventing chronic PTSD than repeated assessments. | Motor vehicle accident survivors |
85 | Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV; Post-traumatic diagnostic scale |
Abbreviations: PTSD = post-traumatic stress disorder; DSM-IV = Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV edition.