Table 2.
Outcomes and effect estimates of included studies.
| Author(s) (Year) |
Comparison | Outcomes | Outcome Measures | PP Analyzed | Effect Estimates (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dunne et al. (2012) [29] | Trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy vs. Waitlist |
PTSD Symptoms Severity | Post-Traumatic Diagnostic Scale | 23 | −7.69 (−14.29–−1.09) |
| Quality of Life | Short Form Health Survey-36 (Physical Health Total) | 11.00 (−2.71–24.71) | |||
| Short Form Health Survey-36 (Mental Health Total) | 7.31 (−8.02–22.64) | ||||
| Disability | Neck Disability Index | −5.16 (−15.58–5.26) | |||
| Fecteau and Nicki (1999) [30] | Cognitive-behavioral therapy vs. waitlist |
PTSD Symptoms Severity | Clinically Administrated PTSD Scale-2 | 20 | −37.10 (−61.38–−12.82) |
| Jak et al. (2019) [27] | Symptom management and rehabilitation therapy–cognitive processing therapy vs. Cognitive processing therapy | PTSD Symptoms Severity | PTSD Check List-Specific | 100 | −0.48 (−6.45–5.49) |
| Cognitive Function | Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV (Processing Speed) | 0.34 (−4.78–5.46) | |||
| Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV (Digit Span) | 1.04 (−2.48–1.92) | ||||
| Delis–Kaplan Executive Function System (Color–Word Interference) | −0.28 (−0.16–2.24) | ||||
| Delis–Kaplan Executive Function System (Trail Making) | −0.02 (−0.80–0.76) | ||||
| Wisconsin Card Sorting Test—64 (Total Errors) | 6.45 (3.00–9.90) | ||||
| California Verbal Learning Test II (Learning Tot.) | 4.39 (−0.54–9.32) | ||||
| General Life Satisfaction | Quality of Life Inventory-B | 0.21 (−0.33–0.75) | |||
| Popiel et al. (2015) [26] | Prolonged exposure vs. paroxetine | Symptoms Remission | Post-traumatic Diagnostic Scale | 140 | 1.51 (−0.98–2.32) |
| Ehlers et al. (2003) [28] | Cognitive therapy vs. repeated assessments | PTSD Symptoms Severity | Post-Traumatic Diagnostic Scale (Frequency) | 54 | −14.30 (−20.05–−8.55) |
| Post-Traumatic Diagnostic Scale (Distress) | −12.50 (−18.55–−6.45) | ||||
| Clinically Administrated PTSD Scale-SX (Frequency) |
−14.40 (−20.66–−8.14) | ||||
| Clinically Administrated PTSD Scale-SX (Intensity) |
−14.40 (−20.66–−8.14) | ||||
| Disability | Sheehan Disability Scale | −1.90 (−3.17–−0.63) | |||
| Clinically Administrated PTSD Scale-SX (Disability) |
−0.70 (−1.10–−0.30) |
Abbreviations: PTSD = post-traumatic stress disorder; CI = confidence interval.