Table 2.
Identification of polyphenol-related metabolites in the developing walnut endopleura. The compounds with values > 100 × 104 are highlighted with bold font. The nine color subclasses are from Figure 4.
| Compounds | Molecular Weight (Da) | P1 | P2 | P3 | P4 | P5 | Subclass |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ×104 | ×104 | ×104 | ×104 | ×104 | |||
| Phenylalanine | 165 | 1367.73 | 613.52 | 152.69 | 186.15 | 230.17 | 9 |
| Naringenin chalcone | 272 | 40.63 | 30.8 | 55.69 | 70.03 | 47.05 | 1 |
| Naringenin (5,7,4′-trihydroxyflavanone) | 272 | 27.55 | 19.02 | 32.15 | 45.58 | 29.86 | 1 |
| Aromadendrin (dihydrokaempferol) | 288 | 6.87 | 4.01 | 4.34 | 4.12 | 4.3 | |
| Dihydroquercetin(taxifolin) | 304 | 94.73 | 221.76 | 156.95 | 116.33 | 130.31 | |
| Catechin | 290 | 533.24 | 875.19 | 1288.7 | 1184.77 | 1861.27 | 3 |
| Epicatechin | 290 | 64.98 | 153.18 | 167.48 | 220.96 | 311.58 | 3 |
| PROANTHOCYANIDINs | |||||||
| Procyanidin B3 | 578 | 15.78 | 117.61 | 290.39 | 269.8 | 400.24 | 3 |
| (EC→EC)g(1) | 730 | 45.41 | 79.09 | 147.32 | 170.2 | 187.31 | 3 |
| Procyanidin B2 | 578 | 61.04 | 111.94 | 152.08 | 174.53 | 348.35 | 3 |
| Procyanidin B1 | 578 | 11.41 | 83.99 | 186.75 | 175.01 | 276.04 | 3 |
| Procyanidin B4 | 578 | 10.81 | 21.49 | 68.08 | 91.78 | 141.51 | 3 |
| Galloylprocyanidin B4 | 730 | 34.51 | 72.99 | 143.77 | 137.29 | 204.11 | |
| Procyanidin C1 3′-O-gallate | 1018 | 8.82 | 24.19 | 27.92 | 29.96 | 31.35 | |
| Pedunculagin | 784 | 1.83 | 8.78 | 32.76 | 62.05 | 64.32 | 3 |
| Procyanidin C2 | 866 | 7.31 | 13.29 | 22.66 | 30.32 | 44.74 | 3 |
| Procyanidin A6 | 592 | 5.33 | 5.56 | 13.58 | 13.34 | 25.18 | 3 |
| Galloylprocyanidin C2 | 1018 | 0.66 | 3.53 | 4.41 | 5.47 | 5.95 | 6 |
| Procyanidin C1 | 866 | 1.22 | 5.59 | 12.65 | 8.59 | 13.97 | 6 |
| (EC→EC→EC)g(4) | 1018 | 0.77 | 1.45 | 4.26 | 2.89 | 4.33 | |
| (EC→EC→EC)g(5) | 1018 | 0 | 3.12 | 4.4 | 3.02 | 4.09 | 6 |
| (EC→EC→EC)g(3) | 1018 | 0.79 | 2.12 | 3.11 | 5.09 | 3.54 | |
| Kaempferol glycosides | |||||||
| Kaempferol-4′-O-glucoside | 448 | 11.68 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Kaempferol-3,7-O-dirhamnoside (kaempferitrin) | 578 | 17.14 | 47.25 | 102.78 | 120.58 | 203.56 | 3 |
| Kaempferol-3-O-(6″-acetyl)glucosyl-(1→3)-Galactoside | 652 | 0 | 1.85 | 3.93 | 4.13 | 10.45 | 3 |
| Kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside (afzelin) (kaempferin) | 432 | 6.81 | 10.54 | 8.72 | 10.5 | 5.71 | |
| Kaempferol-3-O-glucoside (astragalin) | 448 | 11.93 | 134.91 | 284.47 | 385.36 | 497.94 | 3 |
| Kaempferol-3-O-(6″-p-coumaroyl)glucoside (Tiliroside) | 594 | 0 | 1.78 | 2.57 | 1.84 | 2.84 | 6 |
| Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (nicotiflorin) | 594 | 0 | 1.1 | 4.16 | 11.91 | 13.58 | 3 |
| Kaempferol-3,7-di-O-glucoside | 610 | 0 | 1.78 | 6.89 | 8.68 | 9.77 | 3 |
| Kaempferol-3-O-(6″-malonyl)glucoside | 534 | 0 | 0 | 1.13 | 1.68 | 1.54 | 3 |
| Kaempferol-3-O-sophoroside | 610 | 0.66 | 0.97 | 1.04 | 0.82 | 0.79 | |
| Quercetin glycosides | |||||||
| Avicularin(quercetin-3-O-α-L-arabinofuranoside) | 434 | 188.08 | 754.09 | 1127.83 | 1422.17 | 1467.53 | 6 |
| Quercetin-3-O-(6″-malonyl)glucoside | 550 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.69 | 1.47 | 1 |
| Quercetin-4′-O-glucoside (spiraeoside) | 464 | 26.09 | 56.66 | 109.49 | 164.76 | 204.97 | 3 |
| Quercetin-7-O-glucoside | 464 | 18.68 | 44.89 | 86.32 | 117.17 | 141.43 | 3 |
| Quercetin-3-O-glucoside (isoquercitrin) | 464 | 28.33 | 64.87 | 95.64 | 127.38 | 103.48 | 6 |
| Quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside (quercitrin) | 448 | 607.33 | 1176.8 | 1408.7 | 880.52 | 984.4 | |
| Quercetin-3-O-galactoside (hyperin) | 464 | 34.74 | 94.1 | 135.54 | 162.06 | 138.69 | 6 |
| Quercetin-3-O-(6″-galloyl)galactoside | 616 | 48.03 | 346.3 | 630.69 | 649.71 | 805.03 | 6 |
| Quercetin-3-O-(2″,3″-digalloyl)-glucoside | 768 | 366.24 | 258.37 | 230.15 | 235.74 | 148.62 | 9 |
| Quercetin-7-O-rutinoside | 610 | 6.92 | 1.83 | 4.83 | 5.15 | 6.42 | 4 |
| Quercetin-3-O-xyloside (reynoutrin) | 434 | 223.32 | 865.72 | 1326.27 | 1676.7 | 1694.33 | 6 |
| Quercetin-3-O-(6″-galloyl)glucoside | 616 | 45.85 | 327.28 | 600.16 | 667.84 | 727.71 | 6 |
| Quercetin-3-O-(2″-O-rhamnosyl)galactoside | 610 | 0 | 2.17 | 1.45 | 1.57 | 2.07 | 6 |
| Quercetin-5-O-glucuronide | 478 | 4.35 | 5.91 | 16.55 | 8.05 | 10.25 | |
| Quercetin-3-O-sambubioside | 596 | 1.28 | 0 | 0 | 4.41 | 6.23 | 3 |
| Quercetin-3-O-(6″-p-coumaroyl)glucoside | 610 | 0 | 2.25 | 2.91 | 1.99 | 4.16 | 6 |
| Quercetin-7-O-(6″-malonyl)glucoside | 550 | 1.21 | 4.2 | 4.03 | 3.04 | 2.21 | 7 |
| Quercetin-3-O-glucosyl(1→4)rhamnoside-7-O-rutinoside | 918 | 15.81 | 17.68 | 12.23 | 9.29 | 7.12 | 2 |
| Quercetin-3-O-(6″-malonyl)glucosyl-5-O-glucoside | 712 | 0 | 0.51 | 0.96 | 0.64 | 0.85 | 6 |
| Quercetin-3,4′-O-di-glucoside | 626 | 0 | 1.29 | 5.57 | 5.9 | 8.48 | 3 |
| Quercetin-3-O-(2″-O-glucosyl)glucuronide | 640 | 1.84 | 2.71 | 2.04 | 0 | 0 | 2 |