| APOs | adverse pregnancy outcomes |
| aOR | adjusted odds ratio |
| BMI | body mass index |
| CS | cesarean section |
| GDM | gestational diabetes |
| HBW | high birth weight |
| HDP | hypertensive disorders of pregnancy |
| NHB | non-Hispanic Black |
| OGTT | oral glucose tolerance test |
| PDM | pregestational diabetes |
| PTB | preterm birth |