Table 3.
Comparison of CFQ, CESD, and IES-R scales between participants with and without brain fog.
| With Brain Fog (n = 71) |
Without Brain Fog (n = 37) |
p-Value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chalder Fatigue Scale: | ||||||
| CFQ score, (SD) | 26.9 | (4.7) | 20.9 | (5.1) | <0.001 + | |
| Fatigued, % | 97.1 | 90.9 | 0.325 ++ | |||
| Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale: | ||||||
| CESD score, (SD) | 22.2 | (12.6) | 15.0 | (9.8) | 0.013 + | |
| At risk of depression, % | 69.8 | 46.2 | 0.017 § | |||
| Impact of Events Scale—Revised: | ||||||
| IES-R score, (SD) | 32.5 | (21.1) | 20.2 | (15.4) | 0.008 + | |
| PTSD symptoms, % | 47.8 | 28.1 | 0.064 § | |||
+ independent samples Mann–Whitney U test; § chi-square test; ++ Fisher’s exact test; , mean; SD, standard deviation; PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder.