Table 5.

Comparisons of physical performance assessments between participants with and without brain fog.

		With Brain Fog (n = 71)		Without Brain Fog (n = 37)		p-Value
Normal gait assessment:
	Ambulation time, s, $\bar{\mathrm{x}}$ (SD)	5.9	(1.9)	4.9	(1.1)	0.001 +
	Velocity, cm/s, $\bar{\mathrm{x}}$ (SD)	119.2	(24.0)	136.2	(21.6)	<0.001 ^
	Steps, $\bar{\mathrm{x}}$ (SD)	10.3	(2.1)	9.1	(1.8)	0.003 +
	Cadence, steps/min $\bar{\mathrm{x}}$ (SD)	106.7	(10.6)	113.0	(9.4)	0.003 ^
Dual-task gait assessment:
	Ambulation time, s, $\bar{\mathrm{x}}$ (SD)	7.4	(3.9)	5.7	(1.6)	0.002 +
	Velocity, cm/s, $\bar{\mathrm{x}}$ (SD)	102.8	(28.0)	126.4	(31.9)	<0.001 ^
	Steps, $\bar{\mathrm{x}}$ (SD)	10.9	(2.5)	9.6	(1.9)	0.006 +
	Cadence, steps/min $\bar{\mathrm{x}}$ (SD)	94.7	(17.5)	103.9	(16.3)	0.019 +
Maximum gait assessment:
	Ambulation time, s, $\bar{\mathrm{x}}$ (SD)	4.1	(1.5)	3.7	(1.3)	0.090 +
	Velocity, cm/s, $\bar{\mathrm{x}}$ (SD)	167.3	(31.9)	181.9	(35.5)	0.034 ^
	Steps, $\bar{\mathrm{x}}$ (SD)	8.5	(1.9)	8.0	(2.1)	0.155 +
	Cadence, steps/min $\bar{\mathrm{x}}$ (SD)	127.7	(13.0)	131.9	(14.8)	0.155 +
Strength assessments:
	Maximum grip strength, kg, $\bar{\mathrm{x}}$ (SD)	27.2	(11.4)	34.2	(10.1)	0.002 +
	Chair stand test, s, $\bar{\mathrm{x}}$ (SD)	14.4	(7.9)	14.1	(11.8)	0.068 +

^{^} Independent samples t-test; ⁺ independent samples Mann–Whitney U test; $\bar{\mathrm{x}}$, mean; SD, standard deviation; s, seconds; cm/s, centimetres per second; steps/min, steps per minute; kg, kilograms.