TABLE 5.
KEGG enrichment pathways altered in both DR versus T2DM and DR versus non-DR.
| Pathway | DR versus T2DM | DR versus non-DR | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overlapping features/pathway size | p-value | Overlapping features/pathway size | p-value | |
| Arginine biosynthesis | 8/14 | 3.3 × 10−9 | 5/14 | 1.0 × 10−4 |
| Alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism | 6/28 | 2.8 × 10−4 | 6/28 | 4.6 × 10−4 |
| d-Glutamine and d-glutamate metabolism | 3/6 | 7.4 × 10−4 | 2/6 | 0.019 |
| Linoleic acid metabolism | 2/5 | 0.011 | 2/5 | 0.013 |
There were four enrichment pathways indicated simultaneously in DR versus T2DM and DR versus non-DR in KEGG enrichment pathway analysis with p-value ≤0.05 in the Wilcoxon rank-sum test.