Table 1.
Demographical, clinical, biochemical, and spectral characteristics of the recruited subjects.
| Characteristic | CTRL, N = 19 1 | HCC, N = 20 1 | p-Value 2 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 65.8 (4.8) | 68.7 (5.9) | 0.14 |
| Gender | 0.7 | ||
| F | 26% | 20% | |
| M | 74% | 80% | |
| Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 180 (19) | 170 (46) | 0.5 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 122 (38) | 101 (30) | 0.023 |
| GPT-ALT (UI/L) | 15 (3) | 45 (23) | <0.001 |
| GOT-AST (UI/L) | 20 (5) | 47 (21) | <0.001 |
| AST/ALT | 1.43 (0.53) | 3.86 (11.37) | 0.3 |
| GGT (UI/L) | 31 (5) | 179 (147) | <0.001 |
| ALP (UI/L) | 171 (17) | 272 (137) | 0.049 |
| Hb (mmol/L) | 14.32 (0.96) | 12.78 (2.78) | 0.15 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.79 (0.18) | 1.42 (1.29) | 0.071 |
| Azotemia (mg/dL) | 15 (3) | 21 (10) | 0.067 |
| Bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.69 (0.23) | 1.63 (1.04) | <0.001 |
| Area (1470–1700 cm−1) | 12.0 (3.1) | 9.7 (3.6) | 0.033 |
| Area (1000–1200 cm−1) | 4.16 (1.22) | 3.32 (0.99) | 0.033 |
| Area (2800–3000 cm−1) | 0.023 (0.006) | 0.030 (0.008) | 0.006 |
| Area (1720–1760 cm−1) | 0.0012 (0.0007) | 0.0017 (0.0008) | 0.041 |
| LD1 (1470–1700 cm−1) | −0.54 (0.77) | 0.52 (1.18) | 0.002 |
| LD1 (2800–3000 cm−1) | −0.48 (1.24) | 0.46 (0.70) | 0.0075 |
| LD1 (1720–1760 cm−1) | −0.77 (1.10) | 0.73 (0.90) | <0.001 |
| PIVKA | 14 (4) | 3205 (9987) | <0.001 |
| AFP | 2 (1) | 193 (417) | 0.001 |
1 Mean (SD); %. 2 Wilcoxon rank–sum test; Fisher’s exact test.