Table 1.
Enzymes of histone methylation and acetylation and their regulatory roles in filamentous fungal pathogens.
| Histone Modifications | Enzymes | Phenotypic Plasticity | Ref. No. | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conidiation | Secondary Metabolite Synthesis |
Infection Structure Differentiation | Effector Production | Stress Response | Virulence | |||
| Histone methylation | KMT1 | + * | +/− | + | - | + | + | [28,29,30,31,33] |
| KMT2 | + | + | + | ND | + | + | [18,20,21,22,23,24,25,26] | |
| KMT3 | + | + | ND | ND | ND | + | [43,45] | |
| KMT4 | + | + | ND | ND | - | + | [53] | |
| KMT5 | ND | + | ND | ND | - | + | [56] | |
| KMT6 | + | ND | ND | - | - | + | [38,39] | |
| Histone demethylation | KDM4 | + | ND | + | ND | + | + | [47] |
| KDM5 | + | + | + | ND | + | + | [17,21] | |
| Histone acetylation | Gcn5 | + | + | ND | ND | + | + | [64,65,66,67,68] |
| Sas2 | ND | - | ND | ND | + | + | [79,83] | |
| Sas3 | + | +/− | + | ND | + | + | [68,82,83,84,85] | |
| Esa1 | + | + | ND | ND | ND | + | [94] | |
| Rtt109 | + | + | ND | ND | + | + | [104,105] | |
| Histone deacetylation | Rpd3 | +/− | ND | - | ND | - | +/− | [116,117,118,119,120] |
| Hos2 | + | + | + | + | +/− | + | [125,126,129,130,131,132] | |
| Hda1 | + | +/− | ND | - | ND | + | [138,139,140,141,142,143] | |
| Sir2 | + | ND | + | ND | + | + | [156,157] | |
* +, positively regulation; −, negatively regulation; ND, not detected.