Table 1.
Classification of the study cohort by CHD symptoms and etiology, and according to ICD-10 (WHO 2016). ACY, acyanotic; CY, cyanotic; NBDPS, National Birth Defect Prevention Study (CDC coordinated USA nationwide study); LVOTO, left ventricular outflow tract obstruction; PDA, patent ductus arteriosus; RVOTO, right ventricular outflow tract obstruction; AVSD, atrioventricular septal defect; Q20, congenital malformations of the cardiac chambers and connections; Q21, congenital malformations of the cardiac septa; Q22, congenital malformations of the pulmonary and tricuspid valves; Q23, congenital malformations of the aortic and mitral valves; Q24, other congenital malformations of the heart; Q25, congenital malformations of the great arteries.
| CHD Type | Cases [n (%)] | Classification | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| By Symptoms | By Aetiology (NBDPS Level 3) | ICD-10 | ||
| Ventricular septal defect | 80 (40) | ACY | Septal | Q21.0 |
| Atrial septal defect | 60 (30) | ACY | Septal | Q21.1 |
| Aortic stenosis | 21 (11) | ACY | LVOTO | Q25.3 |
| Patent ductus arteriosus | 16 (8) | ACY | PDA | Q25.0 |
| Coarctation of aorta | 15 (8) | ACY | LVOTO | Q25.1 |
| Tetralogy of Fallot | 13 (7) | CY | Conotruncal | Q21.3 |
| Bicuspid aortic valve | 10 (5) | LVOTO | Q23.1 | |
| Pulmonary valve stenosis | 8 (4) | ACY | RVOTO | Q22.1 |
| Transposition of great vessels | 7 (4) | CY | Conotruncal | Q20.3 |
| Atrioventricular septal defect | 5 (3) | AVSD | Q21.2 | |
| Double outlet right ventricle | 5 (3) | CY | Conotruncal | Q20.1 |
| Hypoplastic left heart syndrome | 3 (2) | LVOTO | Q23.4 | |
| Pulmonary valve atresia | 3 (2) | CY | RVOTO | Q22.0 |
| Persistent truncus arteriosus | 3 (2) | CY | Conotruncal | Q20.0 |
| Mitral valve prolapse | 2 (1) | LVOTO | Q23.8 | |
| Aortic regurgitation | 1 (0.5) | LVOTO | Q23.1 | |
| Mitral (valve) stenosis | 1 (0.5) | ACY | LVOTO | Q23.2 |
| Tricuspid atresia | 1 (0.5) | CY | RVOTO | Q22.4 |
| Atrial septal aneurism | 1 (0.5) | |||
| Major aotropulmonary collateral artery | 1 (0.5) | |||
| Single ventricle | 1 (0.5) | Complex | Q20.4 | |
| Overriding aorta | 1 (0.5) | Conotruncal | Q25.4 | |
| Right atrial isomerism | 1 (0.5) | Heterotaxy | Q20.6 | |
| Pulmonary artery stenosis | 1 (0.5) | RVOTO | Q25.6 | |
| Mitral valve insufficiency | 1 (0.5) | LVOTO | Q23.3 | |
| Mitral valve cleft | 1 (0.5) | LVOTO | Q23.8 | |