Table 4.
Summary of heterogeneity in the included studies.
| Study Type | Number of Studies | Definition of csPCa | Number of Studies |
| Retrospective | 29 | GS ≥ 7 ± other parameters | 31 |
| Prospective | 12 | DNI | 4 |
| Diagnostic Test | Pathological stage ≥ pT3 | 1 | |
| Both | 32 | GG > 3, >5 mm CCL | 1 |
| bpMRI | 7 | GS ≥ 7 (4 + 3), CCL > 50% for GS 7 (3 + 4) | 1 |
| mpMRI | 2 | GS > 6 | 1 |
| GS > 7 (4 + 3) | 1 | ||
| Study Cohort | GS ≥ 6, V > 0.5 mL | 1 | |
| Bx-naive | 26 | Removed MRI with Artifacts | |
| Mixed | 3 | Yes | 19 |
| Proven Ca | 5 | No | 22 |
| DNI Bx status | 5 | ||
| Repeat Bx | 2 | ||
| Bx Thresholds and Number of Studies | |||
| PIRADS | 17 | Likert | 5 |
| PIRADS ≥ 3 | 11 | Likert ≥ 3 | 2 |
| PIRADS ≥ 4 | 3 | Likert ≥ 3, Likert ≥ 4 | 2 |
| PIRADS ≥ 3, PSAD ≥ 0.12 | 1 | Likert ≥ 2 | 1 |
| PIRADS ≥ 3 (overall), PIRADS ≥ 4 (csPCa) | 1 | ≥pT3 | 1 |
| PIRADS ≥ 3 + PIRADS all | 1 | DNI | 6 |
| All | 12 | ||
| Reference Standard Methods and Number of Studies | |||
| Bx | 23 | RP | 6 |
| Bx and RP | 10 | DNI | 2 |
| Field Strength | Number of Studies | ERC | Number of Studies |
| 3T | 28 | Did not use | 35 |
| 1.5T | 8 | Used | 5 |
| 1.5T, 3T | 4 | DNI | 1 |
| DNI | 1 | ||
| No. of Readers | Number of Studies | Collective Experience of the Readers in Years | Number of Studies |
| Median of 2 (Range 1–13) | 35 | Median of 17 (Range 5–42) | 25 |
| DNI | 6 | DNI | 16 |
csPCa: clinically significant prostate cancer, EPE: extraprostatic extension, V: lesion volume, CCL: cancer core length, GS: Gleason score, PSAD: PSA density, Bx: biopsy, RP: radical prostatectomy, ERC: endorectal coil, DNI: did not indicate.