Table 2.
Echocardiographic parameters of the study population.
| Parameters | Overall Population (Mean ± SD) (Range) |
Women (Mean ± SD) |
Men (Mean ± SD) |
p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Septal wall thickness in diastole (mm) | 8.6 ± 1.4 (6–11) | 8.3 ± 1.3 | 9.0 ± 1.3 | 0.0001 |
| Inferolateral wall thickness in diastole (mm) | 8.6 ± 1.3 (6–11) | 8.3 ± 1.2 | 9.0 ± 1.3 | 0.0001 |
| LV end-diastolic diameter (mm) | 47.3 ± 5.0 (36–58) | 45.0 ± 4.2 | 49.8 ± 4.5 | 0.0001 |
| LV EDV (mL) | 80.5 ± 25.8 (41–158) | 67.7 ± 18.0 | 94.6 ± 25.8 | 0.0001 |
| LV ESV (mL) | 29.4 ± 11.0 (11–72) | 24.6 ± 7.9 | 34.7 ± 11.6 | 0.0001 |
| LV EF (biplane) (%) | 63.9 ± 5.6 (50–79) | 64.1 ± 5.3 | 63.7 ± 6.0 | 0.226 |
| LV mass index (g/m2) | 77.0 ± 16.5 (38–145) | 72.1 ± 14.9 | 82.7 ± 16.5 | 0.0001 |
| LAVI (mL/m2) | 20.4 ± 5.6 (8.5–46.0) | 20.0 ± 5.2 | 20.8 ± 6.1 | 0.024 |
| Mitral Peak E/e’ ratio | 5.9 ± 1.7 (2.2–11.8) | 6.1 ± 1.8 | 5.7 ± 1.7 | 0.0001 |
| SVI (mL/m2) | 38.7 ± 7.4 (22.0–73.1) | 39.1 ± 6.7 | 38.3 ± 7.9 | 0.121 |
| CI (L/min/m2) | 2.7 ± 0.6 (1.73 −5.7) | 2.8 ± 0.6 | 2.5 ± 0.6 | 0.0001 |
| RV basal diameter (mm) | 33.2 ± 3.6 | 32.0 ± 3.3 | 34.7 ± 3.3 | 0.0001 |
| RV mid cavity diameter (mm) | 25.8 ± 3.8 | 24.6 ± 3.2 | 27.3 ±3.9 | 0.0001 |
| RV longitudinal diameter (mm) | 63.8 ± 5.0 | 62.1 ± 4.1 | 65.4 ± 5.3 | 0.0001 |
| RA major dimension (mm) | 41.3 ± 4.6 | 39.9 ± 4.2 | 42.8 ± 4.6 | 0.0001 |
| RA minor dimension (mm) | 33.4 ± 4.4 | 31.9 ± 3.5 | 35.1 ± 4.6 | 0.0001 |
| Tricuspid Peak E velocity (m/s) | 0.51 ± 0.12 | 0.52 ± 0.11 | 0.50 ± 0.13 | 0.041 |
| Tricuspid Peak A velocity (m/s) | 0.37 ± 0.13 | 0.38 ± 0.13 | 0.36± 0.14 | 0.011 |
| Tricuspid Peak E/A ratio | 1.52 ± 0.61 | 1.501 ± 0.613 | 1.55 ± 0.607 | 0.196 |
| TAPSE (mm) | 23.6 ± 3.3 | 23.2 ± 3.0 | 24.1 ± 3.5 | 0.0001 |
| SPAP (mmHg) | 20.9 ± 5.9 | 21.2 ± 5.3 | 20.7 ± 6.5 | 0.143 |
| TAPSE/SPAP | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.3 ± 0.5 | 0.0001 |
| RVOT AT (m/s) | 138.6 ± 17.5 | 139.6 ± 17.7 | 137.5 ± 17.1 | 0.062 |
| PVR (WU) | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 1.3 ± 0.4 | 0.605 |
AT, acceleration time; BSA, body surface area; CI, cardiac index (CO/BSA); EDV, end-diastolic volume; EF, ejection fraction; ESV, end-systolic volume; LA, left atrium; LAVI, left atrial volume indexed to BSA; LV, left ventricular; PVR, pulmonary vascular resistance; RA, right atrial; RV, right ventricular; RVOT, right ventricular outflow tract; SD, standard deviation; SPAP, systolic pulmonary artery pressure; SVI, stroke volume indexed (SV/BSA); TAPSE, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; TDI, tissue Doppler imaging; TRV, tricuspid regurgitation velocity; TVI, time-velocity integral; p values indicate sex-related differences.