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. 2022 Jun 15;11(12):3453. doi: 10.3390/jcm11123453

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the primary motor cortex for the upper extremity and laryngeal muscles. (Upper) TMS mapping of the left primary motor cortex for hand muscle representation (APB) and cricothyroid muscle representation with recording motor evoked potentials from the right-hand muscle (A), and corticobulbar motor evoked potentials from the right cricothyroid muscle (B). The latency of motor evoked potentials from the hand muscle is 23.61 ms with a peak-to-peak amplitude of 603.07 µV. The mean latency of corticobulbar motor evoked potentials is 11.67 ± 1.7 ms, and the cortical silent period (CST) duration of 89.54 ± 21.9 ms. (Lower) TMS mapping of the right primary motor cortex for hand muscle representation (APB) and cricothyroid muscle representation with recording motor evoked potentials from the left-hand muscle (A), and corticobulbar motor evoked potentials from the left cricothyroid muscle (B). The latency of motor evoked potentials from the hand muscle is 22.79 ms with a peak-to-peak amplitude of 106.07 µV. The mean latency of corticobulbar motor evoked potentials is 11.67 ± 1.7 ms, and the cortical silent period (CST) duration of 44.78 ± 6.9 ms.