Table 6.

The occurrence of mucositis during the probiotic treatment.

Study	Localization of Mucositis	Grade (Percentage of Patients, %)		Time to Onset of Mucositis (Days)		Time to Resolution or Healing (Days, Median)		Administration of Additional Nutrition (Percentage of Patients, %)		General Result 1
		Study	Control	Study	Control	Study	Control	Study	Control
ADULT POPULATION
Radiotherapy and chemotherapy treatment
de Sanctis V. et al. [30]	oral cavity	CTCAE 2 4.0 III or IV— 40.6	CTCAE 4.0 III or IV— 41.6	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	enteral nutrition 37.5	enteral nutrition 16.6	non-significant 3
Sharma A. et al. [20]	oral cavity	NCI CTC 4 2.0 0—28 I—11 II—8 III—2 IV—50	NCI CTC 2.0 0—7 I—10 II—5 III—8 IV—69	22 (±13.2)	18 (±11.6)	43	43	parenteral nutrition or insertion of a Ryle’s tube 22	parenteral nutrition or insertion of a Ryle’s tube 34	improvement
Topuz E. et al. [34]	oral cavity	NCI CTC 2.0 0 72.7 I 12.1 II 12.1 III 1.0 IV 2.0	NCI CTC 2.0 0 78.3 I 13.2 II 7.5 III 0.9	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	non-significant
Jiang C. et al. [25]	oral cavity	CTCAE 4.0 0—12.07 I—55.17 II—17.24 III—15.52	CTCAE 4.0 0—0 I—0 II—54.29 III—45.71	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	improvement
Xia C. et al. [27]	oral cavity	CTCAE 4.0 0—13.9 I—36.1 II—25 III—22.2 IV—2.8	CTCAE 4.0 0—0 I—14.7 II—38.2 III—32.4 IV—14.7	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	improvement
CHILD POPULATION
Radiotherapy treatment
Shu-Xu Du et al. [37]	oral cavity	CTCAE 3.0 I—66.7 II—33.3 III—0 IV—0	CTCAE 3.0 I—31.8 II—45.45 III—22.7 IV—0	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	improvement

¹ Significantly better outcomes in the study group in at least one parameter (α = 0.05); ² CTCAE—Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events; ³ significant—in need of enteral nutrition for patients in experimental group compared to control group; ⁴ NCI CTC—National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria.