Table 8.

Seasonal variation of various fungi at different decomposition stages of the leaves.

Different Decomposition Stages	Season	Very Common	Common	Frequent	Occasional	Rare
Green Leaves Which Were Attached on the Tree (GA)	Rainy Season	Aureobasidium pullulans, Phaeoramularia graminicola	Aspergillus niger, Alternaria alternate, Penicillium chrysogenum, Phoma hibernica	Curvularia lunata	Aspergillus flavus, A. luchuensis, A. sulphureus, Aspergillus nidulans, Penicillium funiculosum, Fusarium oxysporum, Gloeosporium sp., Pestalotia monorhincha.	Candida albicans, Chaetomium globosum, Circinella muscae, Cladosporium sp., Drechslera tetramera, D. hawiiensis, Myrothecium roridum, Rhizopus stolonifer, sterile mycelium.
	Winter Season	Cladosporium cladosporioides	Aureobasidium pullulans, P. chrysogenum	A. niger, Alternaria alternate, Arthrinium cuspidatum, Sterile mycelium.	Epicoccum nigrum, Nigrospora sphaerica, Pestalotia monorhinca, Phoma hibernica.	Aspergillus flavus, Curvularia lunata, C. pallescens, Drechslera tetramera, Aspergillus nidulans, F. oxysporum, Gloeosporium sp. Myrothecium roridum, P. citrinum, Rhizopus stolonifer, Trichoderna viride.
	Summer Season	Fusarium lateritium	None	Aspergillus fumigatus, Alternaria alternate, Cladosporium cladosporioide, Fusarium oxysporum	Aspergillus flavus, A. luchuensis, A. niger, sterile mycelium.	Aspergillus humicola, A. sulphureus, Aspergillus nidulans, Penicillium chrysogenum, P. citrinum, Rhizopus stolonifer, unidentified Basidomycetes
Yellow Leaves which were still attached on the tree (YA)	Rainy Season	Aspergillus niger	Aspeurgillus luchensis, Aureobasidium pullulans	Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, Alternaria alternate, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Drechslera tetramera, Aspergillus nidulans, Fusarium oxysporum Penicillium chrysogenum, Phaeoramularia graminicola, Phoma hibernica, sterile mycelium, unidentified Basidiomycete	Curvularia lunata, Gloesporium sp., Gliocladium atrum	Aspergillus terreus, Circinella muscae, Fusarium semitectum, Mucor hiemalis, Penicillium funiculosum, Rhizopus stolonifer, Trichoderma viride
	Winter Season	Cladosporium cladosporioides	Aureobasidium pullulans, Nigrospora sphaerica	Alternaria alternate, Gloeosporium sp., Myrothecium roridum, Phoma hibernica	Collectotrichum falcatum	Aspergillus niger, Cephalosporium roseogriseum, Epicoccum nigrum, Fusarium oxysporum, F. semitectum, Penicillium chrysogenum, P. citrinum, sterile mycelium.
	Summer Season	Cladsoporium cladosporioides	Alternaria alternate	Aspergillus nidulans	Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Fusarium semitectum	Aspergillus fumigatus, A. luchensis, A. sulphureus, Arthrinium cuspidatum, Epicoccum nigrum, Fusarium oxysporum Nigrospora sphaerica, penicillium citrinum, P. funiculosum Rehizopus nigricans, sterile mycelium.
Yellow Senescent Leaves prior to their fall on the ground (YD)	Rainy Season	Gloeosporium sp.	Aspergillus fumigatus, A. luchuensis, A. niger, Penicillium chrysogenum, Phaeoramularia graminicola	Aspergillus flavus, Cladosporium cladosporioides	Alternaria alternate, Curvularia lunata, Aspergillus nidulans, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium funiculosum, sterile mycelium.	Aspergillus terreus, Aureobasidium pullulans, Choanephora cucurbitarun, Colletotrichum falcatum, Cylindrocarpon sp., Drechslera tetramera, Myrothecium roridum, Nigrospore sphaerica, Phoma hibernica, Rhizopus stolonifer, Trichoderma viride.
	Winter Season	Aspergillus flavus, Cladosporium cladosporioides	Aspergillus niger, Alternaria alternata	Aureobasidium pullulans, Nigrospora sphaerica	Arthrinium cuspidatum, Penicillium chysogenum, Phoma hibernica, Colletotrichum falcatum, sterile mycelium	Aspergillus luchuensis, Curvularia lunata, Aspergillus nidulans, Epicoccum nigrum, Fusarium oxysporum, Monilia geophila, Myrothecium roridum, Penicillium funiculosum,
	Summer Season	Airepnasodoi pullulans	Epicoccum nigrum	Alternaria alternate, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Aspergillus nidulans, sterile mycelium	Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, A. sulphureus, Curvularia lunata, Drechslera tetramera, unidentified Basidiomcete.	Aspergillus luchuensis, Choanephora cucurbitarum, Nigrospora sphaerica, Penicillium chrysogenum, P. funiculosum, Rhizopus stolonifer.
Yellow Leaves which were recently fallen on the ground (YF)	Rainy Season	Aspergillus luchuensis, Gloeosporium sp.	Aspergillus fumigatus, A. niger, Phaeoramularia graminicola, Penicillium charysogenum	Alternaria alternate, Fusarium equiseti	Aspergillus flavus, Colletotrichum falcatum, Curvularia lunata, Cylindrocarpon sp., Drechslera tetramera, Emericellan nidulans, Penicillium funiculosum, sterile mycelium.	Aspergillus sulphureus, Choanephora cucurbitarum, Aureobasidium pullulans, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum, Myrothecium roridum, Penicillium nigricans, Phoma hibernica, Rhizopus stolonifer, Trichoderma viride.
	Winter Season	Cladosporium cladosprioides	Aspergillus niger, Aureobasidium pullulans Gloeosporium sp.	Aspergillus flavus	Colletotrichum falcatum, Penicillium chrysogenum, Rhizopus stolonifer	Aspergillus sulphureus, A. terreus, Arthrinium cuspidatum, Alternaria alternata, Curvularia pallescens, Epicoccum nigrum, Fusarium semitectum, Mucor hiemalis, Nigrospora sphaerica, Penicillium funiculosum, Phoma hibernica, Sterile mycelium, Trichoderma viride
	Summer Season	None	Fusarium equiseti, Fusarium semitectum, Gloeosporium sp.	Aspergillus niger, Fusarium lateritium, Myrothecium roridum, sterile mycelium	Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, A. sulphureus, Alternaria alternate, Collectotrichum falcatum, Aspergillus nidulans, Phoma hibernica.	Aspergillus humicola, A. luchuensis, Aureobasidium pullulans, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium oxysporum, Mucor hiemalis, Rhizoctonia solani, Rhizopus stolonifer, Trichoderma viride
Partially Decomposed Leaves (PD)	Rainy Season	Colletotrichum falcatum	Aspergillus flavus, A. niger	Aspergillus fumigatus, A. luchuensis	Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium chrysogenum	Alternaria alternata, Choanephora cucurbitarum, Cylindrocarpon sp., Drechslera tetramera, Aspergillus nidulans, Gloeosporium sp., Mucor hiemalis, Penicilium funiculosum, Rhizopus stolonifer, Trichoderma viride.
	Winter Season	Cladosporium cladosporioides	Aspergillus flavus, Mucor hiemalis	Aspergillus niger, A. Sulphureus, Aureobasidium pullulans, Gloeosporium sp.,	Phoma hibennica, Tnichodenma vinide	Alternaria alternate, Collectotrichum falcatum, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium semitectum, Penicillium chrysogenum, Rhizopus stolonifer, sterile mycelium.
	Summer Season	Aspergillus fumigatus, A. luchuensis, A. niger Fusarium lateritium, Myrothecium roridum, Absidia repens	Alternaria alternate	Aspergillus flavus, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Aspergillus nidulans	Aspergillus sulphureus, Aureobasidium pullulans, Collectotrichum falcatum, Monilia geophila, Mucor hiemalis, Penicillium citrinum	Aspergillus terreus, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium semitectum, Nigrospora sphaerica Rhizopus stolonifer, sterile mycelium, Trichoderma viride
Completely Decomposed Leaves (CD)	Rainy Season	Aspergillus niger, Colletotrichum falcatum, Didymium nigripes, Myrothecium roridum	Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium oxysporum	Fusarium semitectum, Penicillium chrysogenum	Aspergillus fumigatus, A. luchuensis, Mucor hiemalis, Rhizopus stolonifer, Trichoderma viride, sterile mycelium.	Choanephora cucurbitarum, Aspergillus nidulans, Phaeoramularia graminicola.
	Winter Season	Aspergillus flavus, A. Sulphureus, Cladosporium cladosporioides	Aspergillus niger, Mucor hiemalis	Rhizopus stolonifer	Alternria alternate, Aspergillus luchuensis, Fusarium semitectum, Memnoniella echinata, sterile mycelium, Trichoderma viride.	Stachybotrys atra
	Summer Season	Aspergillus flavus, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Fusarium lateritium, Myrothecium roridum, Phoma hibernica, Colletotrichum falcatum	Aspergillus niger, A. sulphureus, sterile mycelium	Aspergillus fumigatus, A. luchuensis, Aspergillus nidulans, Fusarium oxysporum, F. semitectum	Absidia repens, Aspergillus terreus, Mucor hiemalis, Penicillium citrinum, Rhizopus stolonifer	Aspergillus parasiticus, Alternaria alternata, Bipolaris sp., Trichoderma viride.