Table 1.
Demographic data and clinical characteristics * in 212 patients with severe acute ischemic stroke classified by LOS.
| LOS ≥ 30 Days | LOS < 30 Days | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N = 42 | N = 170 | ||
| Hospital LOS, day, median (IQR) | 43 (35–54) | 13 (8–19) | <0.01 |
| Median (IQR) | |||
| Age mean ± SD, year | 65 ± 17 | 75 ± 12 | <0.01 |
| Male | 32 (76%) | 79 (46%) | <0.01 |
| Admission NIHSS, median (IQR) | 24 (19–30) | 23 (19–28) | 0.67 |
| History of stroke | 13 (31%) | 55 (32%) | 0.86 |
| Hypertension | 21 (50%) | 120 (71%) | 0.01 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 14 (33%) | 61 (36%) | 0.76 |
| Dyslipidemia | 30 (71%) | 133 (78%) | 0.35 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 16 (36%) | 51 (30%) | 0.31 |
| Ischemic heart disease | 6 (14%) | 18 (11%) | 0.46 |
| Heart failure | 2 (5%) | 10 (6%) | 0.78 |
| Uremia | 0 | 4 (2%) | |
| PAOD | 1 (2%) | 1 (0.5%) | 0.28 |
| Malignancy | 2 (5%) | 22 (13%) | 0.13 |
| Smoking | 7 (17%) | 31 (18%) | 0.81 |
| Pre-admission CCI, | 2.5 (1–5) | 2 (1–4) | 0.34 |
| median (IQR) | |||
| Pre-admission mRS 0–2 | 33 (79%) | 91 (54%) | <0.01 |
| IV tPA or/and EVT | 10 (24%) | 18 (11%) | 0.02 |
| ICU stay | 9 (21%) | 19 (11%) | 0.08 |
| ICU LOS, day, | 14 (13–22) | 6 (5–7) | <0.01 |
| median (IQR) | |||
| Surgery | 15 (36%) | 7 (4%) | <0.01 |
| DNR orders | <0.01 | ||
| No DNR | 25 (60%) | 101 (59%) | |
| Early DNR | 4 (10%) | 64 (38%) | |
| Late DNR | 13 (31%) | 5 (3%) | |
| Stroke subtypes | |||
| LAA | 10 (14%) | 54 (32%) | |
| SVO | 0 | 8 (5%) | |
| CE | 22 (52%) | 55 (32%) | |
| Others | 4 (10%) | 6 (4%) | |
| Undetermined | 6 (14%) | 47 (28%) | |
| Complications | |||
| Pneumonia | 26 (62%) | 42 (25%) | <0.001 |
| UTI | 7 (17%) | 43 (25%) | 0.24 |
| UGI bleeding | 7 (17%) | 7 (4%) | <0.01 |
| Pulmonary edema | 0 | 4 (2%) | |
| Seizure | 1 (2%) | 4 (2%) | 0.99 |
| Hemorrhagic infarct | 5 (12%) | 3 (2%) | <0.01 |
| Functional state on discharge mRS | |||
| 0–2 | 0.04 | ||
| 3 | 1 (2%) | 3 (2%) | |
| 4 | 0 | 14 (8%) | |
| 5 | 12 (29%) | 53 (31%) | |
| 6 (death) | 24 (57%) | 61 (36%) | |
| 5 (12%) | 39 (23%) | ||
| Cause of death, No. | 0.75 | ||
| Fatal stroke | 3 (7%) | 27 (16%) | |
| Complications | 0 | 4 | |
| Others | 2 | 8 |
* Data are No (%), or otherwise specified. Abbreviation: LOS: length of stay; IQR: interquartile range; SD: standard deviation; NIHSS: National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; PAOD: peripheral arterial occlusive disease; CCI: Charlson comorbidity index; IV tPA: intravenous tissue plasminogen activator; VT: endovascular therapy; ICU: intensive care unit; DNR: do-not-resuscitate; LAA: large-artery atherosclerosis; VO: small-vessel occlusion; CE: cardioembolism; UTI: urinary tract infection; UGI bleeding: upper gastrointestinal bleeding; mRS: modified Rankin Scale.