Table 1. Mixed-model ANOVA results for the effect of tDCS on MEP amplitudes after sufficient sleep and sleep deprivation.
| Factor | df | F | p | ηp2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group | 1 | 11.74 | 0.002 | 0.296 |
| Sleep condition | 1 | 0.735 | 0.399 | 0.026 |
| Stimulation state | 1 | 37.09 | <0.001 | 0.570 |
| Timepoint | 4.90 | 5.76 | <0.001 | 0.171 |
| Sleep condition × group | 1 | 61.97 | <0.001 | 0.689 |
| Stimulation state × group | 1 | 3.600 | 0.068 | 0.114 |
| Timepoint × group | 4.90 | 6.48 | <0.001 | 0.188 |
| Sleep condition × timepoint | 5.18 | 0.445 | 0.822 | 0.016 |
| Stimulation state × timepoint | 5.08 | 2.91 | 0.015 | 0.094 |
| Sleep condition × stimulation state | 1 | 5.28 | 0.029 | 0.159 |
| Sleep condition × stimulation state × group | 1 | 57.99 | <0.001 | 0.674 |
| Sleep condition × timepoint × group | 5.18 | 9.40 | <0.001 | 0.251 |
| Stimulation state × timepoint × group | 5.08 | 3.68 | 0.003 | 0.116 |
| Sleep condition × stimulation state × timepoint | 5.35 | 1.09 | 0.369 | 0.037 |
| Group × sleep condition × stimulation state × timepoint | 5.35 | 12.14 | <0.001 | 0.301 |
Note: tDCS: transcranial direct current stimulation; MEP: motor-evoked potentials. Significant effects are marked in bold (where p<0.05), n=30 (15 per group).