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. 2022 Mar 28;18(5):2050653. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2050653

Table 1.

Input values used in the model and, where applicable, ranges used in the sensitivity analyses

Input Value DSA range ICER
 PSA distribution Source
Lower Higher
Discount rate
 3%
 [0–6%]
 14689.84
 16627.39
 Beta
  
 
  
 Aspects related to the vaccine
B strain distribution:a
 2013
 2014
 2015
 2016
 2017
 2018
 2019		 38.8%
23.4%
36.6%
32.1%
38.5%
19.0%
10.7%		 ±20%     Beta FluNet Network25
Match levelb 50% [20–80%] 9510.03 41,564.84 Beta Based on Reed 201234
Vaccine efficacy against A
 ≤4
 5–19 high-risk
 20–49 high-risk
 50–64 high-risk
 ≥65		 0.59
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.58		 [.41, .74]
[.47, .70]
[.48, .70]
[.48, .70]
[.38, .72]		 15,921.00 15,921.00   Ranges are the 95% CI reported in Clements et al.(2014)26
Vaccine efficacy against matched B
 ≤4
 5–19 high-risk
 20–49 high-risk
 50–64 high-risk
 ≥65		 0.66
0.77
0.77
0.73
0.69		 [.12, .94]
[.17, .94]
[.18, .94]
[.18, .96]
[.16; .99]		       Ranges are the 95% CI reported in Clements et al. (2014)26
Vaccine efficacy against mismatched B
 ≤4
 5–19 high-risk
 20–49 high-risk
 50–64 high-risk
 ≥65		 0.44
0.52
0.52
0.49
0.47		 NAc        
Cross-protection 67% [54%–81%] 11,066.67 28,317.82   Ranges were calculated based on Clements et al. (2014)26
Vaccination coverage:
 ≤4
 5–19 high-risk
 20–49 high-risk
 50–64 high-risk
 ≥65
 23.0%
10.2%
10.2%
10.2%
29.3%
 ±20%
 15,921.00
 15,921.00
 Beta
 Ministry of Health, Uruguay27
 
  
 Medical visits and direct costs
Influenza-attributable
 GP consultation rates		 Specific by age and season (see Suppl. Table S4) ±20% 17,808.75 14,360.16   Based on Molinari et al. (2007)28
Influenza-attributable hospitalization rates 15,956.45 15,885.54
Influenza-attributable mortality 17,792.84 14,405.50
Number of non-consulting cases per consulting case
 ≤4
 5–19 high-risk
 20–49 high-risk
 50–64 high-risk
 ≥65		 0.46
0.58
0.60
0.60
0.39		 ±20% 16,721.89 15,193.31 Beta (applied on the probability of consultation per case) Based on Molinari et al. (2007)28
TIV price US$2.65 +/- 20% 19,559.88 12,282.11   PAHO Revolving Fund, Vaccines Price 201937
QIV price US$5.14 +/- 20% 8862.93 22979.06   PAHO Revolving Fund, Vaccines Price 201937
Cost of physician visit US$82.05 +/- 20% 16115.48 15726.51 Log Normal CINVE Consultora de Salud36
Cost of hospitalization US$499.650 +/- 20% 15956.45 15885.54 Log Normal CINVE Consultora de Salud36
Prescribed drug cost—GP visits and OTC   +/- 20% 15921.00 15921.00 Log Normal Uruguay Pharmacy Center38
≤4 US$1.34          
Other age groups
 US$2.68
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 Indirect costs
Workdays lost   +/- 20% 15921.00 15921.00 Log Normal Aiko et al. (2000)39
Quality of life            
Utility norms   NA        
<4 0.9720          
5–19 high-risk 0.8213          
20–49 high-risk 0.7962          
50–59 high-risk 0.7929          
≥60 0.9300          
QALY losses due to influenza   +/- 20%     Beta Sander et al. (2010)47
≤4 0.0146          
5–19 high-risk 0.0146          
20–49 high-risk 0.0173          
50–64 high-risk 0.0173          
≥65 0.0293          

aB strains as a percentage of all reported cases.

bPercentage match between the B subtype in the TIV vaccine and the dominant serotype during a season.

cVaccine efficacy against mismatched B is calculated from efficacy against matched B and degree of cross-protection. As both of these were included in the sensitivity analysis, there was no need to include vaccine efficacy against mismatched B in the sensitivity analysis.

Details on the calculations for the parameters used in the PSA distribution are included in the supplemental material.

DSA, deterministic sensitivity analysis; GP, general practitioner; NA, not applicable; OTC, over-the-counter; PAHO, Pan American Health Organization; PSA, probabilistic sensitivity analysis; QALY, quality-adjusted life-year; QIV, quadrivalent influenza vaccine; TIV, trivalent influenza vaccine.