Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristic of patients.
| Authors and Type of Study | N of Cases | Sex, Age | Comorbidities | Immunosuppression | Radiological Findings | ACL/CD4+ | Diagnostic Tests for PJP | Diagnosis EORT/MSG Cirteria |
PJP Treatment, Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alanio et al. [34] Prospective observational study 2020 |
10 | 8 M, Mean age 59 |
DM: 3, AHT: 6, Obesity: 3, CVD:1, Asthma: 1 |
Long-term Steroid therapy: 3 | NR | NR | PCR on RS | Probable PJP | TMP-SMX: 4 IMV: 10 Died: 3 |
| Menon et al. [35] Case report 2020 |
1 | F, 83 | CVD, Asthma | Ulcertive Colitis, Long-term Steroid therapy |
GGO Cystic Consolidation |
1090/290 | RT-PCR on TA BDG (305 pg/mL) |
Probable PJP | TMP-SMX IMV Survived |
| Mang et al. [36] Case report 2020 |
1 | M, 52 | AHT, Obesity, HIV |
AIDS | GGO Crazy paving |
590/12 | PCR on TA | Probable PJP | TMP-SMX Prednisone IMV Survived |
| Coleman et al. [37] Case report 2020 |
1 | M, 54 | HIV, Asthma | None | GGO Cystic |
NR/422 | PCR on induced sputum | Probable PJP | TMP-SMX Prednisone no IMV Survived |
| Bhat et al. [38] Case report 2020 |
1 | M, 25 | HIV | AIDS | GGO Cyst pneumothorax |
NR/32 | IFM on BAL | Probable PJP | TMP-SMX Prednisone IMV Survived |
| De Franceso et al. [39] Case report 2020 |
1 | M, 65 | DM, AHT CVD, SOT |
SOT (kidney), Long-term steroid therapy | GGO | NR/422 | PCR on sputum | Probable PJP | TMP-SMX Prednisone IMV Died |
| Gerber et al. [40] Case series 2020 |
4 | F, 80 | Obesity RA |
RA Long-term Steroid therapy |
GGO Consolidation Nodules |
300/NR | PCR on BAL | Probable PJP | TMP-SMX IMV Died |
| M, 70 | Obesity, CKD, Hematological cancer | HSCT | GGO consolidation | 222/NR | PCR on TA | Probable PJP | TMP-SMX IMV Died |
||
| M, 83 | CVD, CKD Asthma |
None | GGO Crazy paving |
570/NR | PCR and cytology on BAL | Proven PJP | TMP-SMX No IMV Died |
||
| M, 80 | DM, AHT CVD, Asthma |
None | GGO Pleural effusion |
600/NR | PCR on TA | Probable PJP | TMP-SMX IMV Died |
||
| Kronsten VT et al. [41] Case series 2021 |
2 | M, 28 | DM SOT |
Liver transplant Long-term Steroid therapy |
GGO | 360/NR | PCR on BAL BDG on BAL 226 pg/mL |
Probable PJP | TMP-SMX IMV Survived |
| M, 54 | SOT | Liver transplant Long-term Steroid therapy |
GGO | 390/NR | PCR on BAL BDG on BAL 227 pg/mL |
Probable PJP | TMP-SMX IMV Survived |
||
| Gentile I et al. [42] Case series 2021 |
4 | M, 55 | None | Long-term Steroid therapy | GGO | 260/62 | IFM on BAL | Probable PJP | TMP-SMX No IMV Survived |
| M, 75 | AHT CVD |
Long-term Steroid therapy | GGO | 2220/1021 | None | Possible PJP | TMP-SMX No IMV Survived |
||
| F, 63 | NHL | NHL Long-term Steroid therapy |
GGO | 240/93 | IFM on BAL | Probable PJP | TMP-SMX No IMV Survived |
||
| M, 68 | None | Long-term Steroid therapy | GGO Pleural effusion |
560/141 | None | Possible PJP | TMP-SMX No IMV Survived |
||
| Cai et al. [43] Case report 2020 |
1 | M, 72 | RA | RA Long-term Steroid therapy |
GGO Acute consolidation |
340/NR | None | Possible PJP | Caspofungin No IMV Survived |
| Broadhurst et al. [44] Case report 2021 |
1 | M, 54 | DM AHT HIV |
AIDS | GGO | 690/26 | IFM on sputum BDG (>500 pg/mL) |
Probable PJP | TMP-SMX No IMV Died |
| Jeican et al. [30] Case report 2021 |
1 | M, 52 | AHT CVD Liver disease |
None | Consolidation | 190/NR | Positive histopathology | Proven PJP | None No IMV Died |
| Rubiano et al. [45] Case report 2021 |
1 | M, 36 | HIV | AIDS | GGO | 400/8 | PCR and IFM on BAL BDG (>500 pg/mL) |
Probable PJP | TMP-SMX IMV Died |
| Viceconte et al. [46] Case report 2021 |
1 | M, 54 | None | Long-term Steroid therapy | GGO Consolidation |
1265/895 | IFM on BAL BDG positive |
Probable PJP | TMP-SMX No IMV Survived |
| Larzábal et al. [47] Case report 2020 |
1 | F, 46 | Raynaud syndrome HIV |
AIDS | Consolidation | NR/67 | IFM sputum | Probable PJP | TMP-SMX No IMV Survived |
| Peng et al. [48] Case report 2020 |
1 | F, 55 | CVD SOT |
SOT (kidney) Long-term Steroid therapy |
Consolidation | 310/258 | PCR on sputum BDG (89.3 pg/mL) |
Probable PJP | Micafungin No IMV Survived |
| Mouren et al. [49] Case report 2020 |
1 | M, 65 | Hematological malignancy CLL | CLL | GGO | 200/NR | PCR and IFM on BAL | Probable PJP | TMP-SMX No IMV Survived |
| Quintana-Ortega et al. [50] Case report 2021 |
1 | F, 11 | Dermatomyositis | Dermatomyositis Long term Steroid therapy |
GGO | 110/NR | IFM on BAL | Probable PJP | TMP-SMX IMV Died |
| Anggraeni AT et al. [51] Case report 2021 |
1 | M, 24 | HIV | AIDS | GGO | 176/16 | none | Possible PJP | TMP-SMX No IMV Survived |
| Algarín-Lara H et al. [52] Case report 2021 |
1 | M, 63 | Obesity HIV |
AIDS | GGO | NR/84 | PCR on BAL | Probable PJP | TMP-SMX IMV Died |
| Merchant EA et al. [53] Case report 2021 |
1 | M, 39 | HIV | AIDS | GGO | 860/1 | IFM on BAL | Probable PJP | TMP-SMX IMV Died |
| Blaize et al. [54] Observational study 2020 |
2 | F, 38 | DM AHT |
none | GGO | NR | PCR on BAL | Probable PJP | None IMV Died |
| F/NR | DM AHT Obesity |
none | GGO | NR | PCR on BAL | Probable PJP | None IMV Died |
Abbreviations: AHT: Arterial hypertension, AIDS: acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, BDG: Beta-D-Glucan, CDK: chronic kidney disease, CVD: chronic vascular disease, DM: diabetes mellitus, GGO: ground glass opacity, HIV: Human Inmunodeficency virus, IFM: immunofluorescence microscopy, IMV: invasive mechanical ventilation, NR: not reported, RA: SOT: solid organ transplant, and TA: tracheal aspirate.