Table 6.

List of reports/studies on human embryonic or fetal heart activity found in journals or books of physiology, gynecology and obstetrics, reproductive medicine, cardiology, etc.

Report	Number of Specimens	Greatest Length of Embryos/ Fetuses (mm)	CS	Proposed Post-Fert. Age	Gest. Age (Weeks)	Kind of Specimens	Kind of Study	Spontaneous Heart Rate (bpm]
[138]	10	-	-	-	4.5–10	myocardial cells	Electro-physiol.	60–150 37 °C
[147]	165	-	-	-	5–15	hearts	Heart rate recordings	157–180 37 °C
[131,132]	1	2.5	11	14 days RH	6	embryo	Case report	90 RT
[127]	1	-	11	18–20 days	-	embryo	Case report	Occasional RT
[133]	1	4	13 or 14	47–50 days	-	embryo	Case report	70 RT
[135]	5	6–60	-	2 weeks–2.5 months	-	2 embryos + 3 fetuses	ECG	Occasional RT
[139]	37	-	-	-	7–12	hearts	Electro-physiol.	50–132 37 °C
[136]	1	23	-	7.5 weeks	9.5	embryo	ECG	40–80
[145]	2	30 + 30	-	-	9 + 10	hearts	Experiments	140 37 °C
[134]	11	-	-	-	9.5–25	fetuses	ECG	48–100 RT
[137]	11	55–170	-		10–18	fetuses	ECG	No info.
[129]	1	75	-		13	fetus	Case report	No info.
[141]	5	100–165	-	-	12–16	hearts	Electro-physiol.	No info.
[140]	14	-	-	-	12–22	hearts	Electro-physiol.	142 37 °C
[146]	17	-	-	-	12–22	hearts	Experiments	142 37 °C
[143]	1	100	-	13 weeks	-	heart	Experiments	157 37 °C
[128]	1	100	-	-	16	fetus	Case report	No info.
[130]	1	-	-	-	15	fetus	Case report	30 RT
[144]	9	-	-	-	16–24	hearts	Experiments	No info.
[142]	2	-	-	-	24	hearts	Experiments	40 + 100 37 °C

Reports are listed according to the age of the embryo(s) or fetus(es). Note that the CS were not provided in the original reports but were determined, by the author of the present paper, on the basis of the reported morphological features or on the basis of photographs. Abbreviations: RT = room temperature; other abbreviations as used before.