Table 2.

Quality assessment of included reviews using the ROBIS tool.

Author, Year	Quality Assessment Tool Used	Review Process				Risk of Bias	Concerns
		SEC	ISS	DCSA	SF
Siokis et al., 2021 [37]	Cochrane Collaboration tool						Meta-analysis performed using studies of unclear or high risk of bias
Chisini et al., 2018 [8]	Cochrane Collaboration tool						Language restrictions
Delgado et al., 2021 [32]	Cochrane Collaboration tool						Publication date restrictions
Dias et al., 2018 [30]	Cochrane Collaboration tool						Inclusion criteria and outcomes not clearly mentioned, a meta-analysis performed using studies of high risk of bias
Frencken et al., 2021 [36]	Criteria by De Amorim et al., 2017						Search strategy not reproducible; inclusion criteria not clearly mentioned; outcomes not pre-defined; no details given on data collection and appraisal; no clear data synthesis; and risk of bias tool not validated
Innes et al., 2015 [29]	Cochrane Collaboration Tool						—
Kilpatrick et al., 2007 [26]	Criteria by Curzon and Toumba, 2006						Restricted data search; language restrictions; risk of bias tool not validated; no evaluation of clinical and methodological heterogeneity; and limited data on data collection and synthesis
Mickenautsch et al., 2010 [33]	Cochrane Collaboration tool						Language restrictions
Mickenautsch et al., 2011 [35]	Based on the availability of evidence indicating successful prevention of selection and detection/performance bias from start to the end of each trial						Risk of bias tool not validated; meta-analysis performed using studies of unclear or high risk of bias
Pires et al., 2018 [31]	Cochrane Collaboration Tool						Meta-analysis performed using studies of unclear or high risk of bias
Ruengrungsom et al., 2018 [27]	Cochrane Collaboration Tool						Restricted search strategy and data search; language restrictions; no details given on data collection and appraisal; primary studies with clinical and methodological heterogeneity; a majority of studies with an unclear risk of bias; and no meta-analysis performed
Tedesco et al., 2017 [20]	Cochrane Collaboration Tool						Meta-analysis performed using studies of unclear risk of bias; heterogeneity and publication bias of primary studies
Tedesco et al., 2018 [34]	Cochrane Collaboration Tool						Meta-analysis performed using studies of unclear or high risk of bias
van’t Hof et al., 2006 [28]	NR						Language restrictions; search strategy not reproducible; restricted data search; inclusion criteria not clearly mentioned; and risk of bias tool not reported

Abbreviations: SEC: study eligibility criteria; ISS: identification and selection of studies; DCSA: data collection and study appraisal; SF: synthesis and findings. = Low risk of bias. = High risk of bias. = Unclear risk of bias.