Table 6.
Summary of DCM studies performed across different states of India.
| Age Group | Male or Female (%) | Number of Cardiomyopathy Patients | Study Description | Sample Collection | Focus Population | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 41.7 ± 16.5 | 38.70% males | 80 DCM | 40% familial, 48% sporadic. LMNA (c. 639 + G > C) associated novel splice site and MYH7 (c. 2769 > T) rare varient found. | EPOCH-D Study, AIIMS, New Delhi | General [151] | Das et al., 2015 |
| 15–67 | 35.3% males | 61 DCM | 61% DCM patients with MYH7 gene (exon 8–24) mutation with a novel p.Gly377Ser mutation found. | Nehru Hospital, Chandigarh | Asian Indians [136] | Rai et al., 2009 |
| 45.41 ± 14.35 | 54% males | 51 DCM | Influence of D allele in DCM development associated with ACE I/D | PGIMER, Chandigarh, Rajaji Government hospital, Madurai, and, Sri Chitra Tirunal Institute of Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum | General [138] | Rai et al., 2008 |
| Juvenile–Adult | Undefined | 97 DCM | Common exon link of MYH7 gene IN DCM and HCM. Homozygous condition develops DCM. | CARE Hospitals, Mahavir hospitals and Niloufer hospitals, Hyderabad | General [137] | Tanjore et al., 2010 |
| 53 year old | 1 male | DCM Case Study | Familial DCM along with Emery-Dreifuss myopathy associated with mutation in LMNA gene. | Lourdes Heart Institute and Neuro Center, Kochi, Kerala | Kerala [139] | Jadhav et al., 2012 [22] |
| >25 years old | Undefined | 115 DCM | Influence of endothelial NOS3 gene in DCM manifestation by oxidative stress production. | CARE hospitals, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS) and Niloufer hospital for Children, Hyderabad, India | General [140] | Matsa et al., 2013 |
| 33.2± 16.1 | 70% male 30% females | 115 DCM | Screening of EDN1 gene and two rare genetic variations found. Insertion variations (+138 A) corresponding to heterozygotic condition leads to 4-fold increased risk of DCM. | CARE hospitals, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS) and Niloufer Hospital for Children, Hyderabad, India | General [141] | Matsa et al., 2014 |
| NA | NA | 147 DCM | Role of novel mutation R144W in Toponin T binding domain found by overall exon analysis in DCM development. | NA | South Indian [142] | Rani et al., 2014 |
| 2.9 ± 3.07 | 50 males | 80 DCM | Pediatric DCM was explored in this observational study. | General [135] | Kothari et al., 2003 | |
| Above 60 | 66.6% Males 33.4% females | 100 DCM | 4-year study of DCM charecterization based on cause. DCM in peripartum females accounted for 9%, DCM in smokers was 65%, 30% alcoholic DCM. | M.M.C. Muzaffarnagar, U.P, & SIMS, Hapur, UP | Western Uttar Pradesh [143] | Deshmukh et al., 2011 |
| Above 60 | 56.6% males 43.25% females | 30 DCM | Cross-sectional study of DCM over 1 year period. Ischemic DCM 33.3%+ diabetic cardiomyopathy (23.3%) peripartum cardiomyopathy (16.6%) 6.6 Alcoholic and miscellaneous DCM |
Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi. |
India General [145] | Saha et al., 2018 |
| Above 13 | 43% male, 56.66% females | 180 DCM | 3-year DCM etiology study. Diabetes 13.33% alcohol 23.33% postpartum 15.00% idiopathic 30.00% inflammation 03.33% nutritional 6.66% multifactorial 06.66% | GMERS General Hospital, Gotri, Vadodara. | Indian General [144] | Rana et al., 2015 |
| 6 months–Adult | 62.61% males 37.38% females | 107 DCM | Parental consanguinity 22.42% alcoholic/smoking DCM | KIMS and Niloufer Hospital for children, Hyderabad | Indian General [146] | Ushasree et al., 2009 |
| 1 month–18 | 52.65% males 47.6% female | 19 DCM | Hospital based observational profile of DCM in children. Study period of two and half years, charecterization made on symptoms, gender preponderance parental consanguinity and myocarditis. | Post Graduate Department of Pediatrics Government Medical College, Srinagar | North (Kashmir) [147] | Shairgojri et al., 2021 |
| 18–80 | 61.29% males 38.71% females | 31 DCM | Observational study characterizing DCM on the basis of its causes. Alcoholic DCM 23.33% + viral DCM 03.33% peripartum cardiomyopathy 22.58% idiopathic DCM 41.93% familial DCM 9.6% | Jorhat Medical College and Hospital, Jorhat, Assam | North East India [152] | Sonowal et al., 2014 |
| 15–75 | 18.3% females | 60 DCM | An analytical and observational study showed 35 patients DCM with hypertension and 25 DCM patients without hypertension | Cardiology, GSL Medical College and Hospital, Rajahmundry India | Andhra Pradesh [149] | Balije et al., 2016 |
| 50 ± 15 | 65.45% males 34% females | 55 DCM | 1-year clinical and incidence profiling of idiopathic DCM | JN Medical College, Aligarh | General [150] | Ahmad et al., 2005 |
| All | 61.4% males 38.6% females | 70 DCM | Pilot study to determine different demographic parameters in DCM patients. 27% alcoholic 46% smokers in the cohort | Tertiary Medical College of Eastern India | Eastern India [153] | Paul et al., 2014 |
| 10–70 years | NA | 10 DCM | Measuring the gross morphological changes in heart wall of DCM patients | Institute of Medical Sciences, BHU, Varanasi (U.P) | North Indian [148] | Prasenjit Bose et al., 2017 |